2013
DOI: 10.1080/15475441.2013.812017
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The Science of Reading and Its Educational Implications

Abstract: Research in cognitive science and neuroscience has made enormous progress toward understanding skilled reading, the acquisition of reading skill, the brain bases of reading, the causes of developmental reading impairments and how such impairments can be treated. My question is: if the science is so good, why do so many people read so poorly? I mainly focus on the United States, which fares poorly on cross-national comparisons of literacy, with about 25-30% of the population exhibiting literacy skills that are … Show more

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Cited by 60 publications
(61 citation statements)
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“…The evidence base can be strengthened yet further by drawing on research of educational interventions with which it shares certain elements, and by drawing on related research in the science of learning. National and regional education systems are beset by regular swings of the pendulum, for example towards and away from phonics, 74 and towards and away from children working individually. 75 This means that elements of the Montessori method will sometimes be in vogue and sometimes not.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The evidence base can be strengthened yet further by drawing on research of educational interventions with which it shares certain elements, and by drawing on related research in the science of learning. National and regional education systems are beset by regular swings of the pendulum, for example towards and away from phonics, 74 and towards and away from children working individually. 75 This means that elements of the Montessori method will sometimes be in vogue and sometimes not.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Because the pendulum has always been in motion, district, state, and national philosophies, learning targets, and instructional approaches have often emphasized one end or the other of a broad continuum. Recently, however, a scientific consensus has been reached regarding the component skills that are necessary for competence in reading words and comprehending their meaning (e.g., see Kilpatrick, ; Seidenberg, ). In L1 reading, the SVR model has been validated empirically as a practical framework for explaining the cognitive skills necessary to read alphabetic orthographies (Gough & Tunmer, ; Hoover & Gough, ), and evidence is emerging which shows that the SVR model can also explain the cognitive skills needed for L2 reading competence (Sparks, ; Sparks & Luebbers, ; Sparks et al, ).…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…No entanto, as causas do milagre da leitura não são sobrenaturais, podendo ser explicadas por esforços multidisciplinares. De acordo com Seidenberg (2013), a pesquisa nas ciências cognitivas 32.4 e nas neurociências tem possibilitado um enorme avanço com relação à compreensão da leitura profi ciente, da aquisição das habilidades necessárias à leitura hábil, das bases neuronais da leitura, das causas das difi culdades em leitura e de como tratar dessas difi culdades.…”
Section: No Originalunclassified
“…A presença de dois componentes independentes no processo de compreensão em leitura nos primeiros anos de aprendizagem é também sustentada por Snowling & Hulme (2012), que chamam atenção para a necessidade de considerar pelo menos duas categorias de leitores defi cientes: leitores cujas difi culdades em leitura sejam decorrentes da decodifi cação inefi ciente (lenta e/ou não-acurada); e leitores cujas difi culdades sejam decorrentes do conhecimento insufi ciente da linguagem oral (vocabulário, estruturas gramaticais, entre outros aspectos que desempenham papel relevante na compreensão). Seidenberg (2013) retoma essa distinção ao considerar a realidade americana, em especial a das crianças oriundas de famílias hispânicas aprendendo a ler em inglês e a de usuários de variantes dialetais como a dos afro-descendentes. Uma analogia com a realidade brasileira é possível, na medida em que as variantes dialetais da linguagem oral usadas por grupos cultural e socioeconomicamente desfavorecidos distanciam-se daquelas usadas nos textos escritos, representando assim um obstáculo à compreensão dos textos escritos.…”
Section: Do Objeto De Estudounclassified
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