The Safety and Efficacy of a Controlled Low-Energy ('Very-Low-Calorie') Diet in the Treatment of Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes and Obesity

Amatruda, John M.; Richeson, J. Franklin; Welle, Stephen; Brodows, Robert G.; Lockwood, Dean H.

doi:10.1001/archinte.1988.00380040113017

Cited by 72 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 23 publications

(7 reference statements)

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“…[3][4][5][6][7] Studies in simple obese subjects have shown that diets providing 400, 600, and 800 kcal/day produce similiar weight losses, 10 but the safety of diets providing less than 800 kcal/day is questionable. In the present study, LCD induced weight loss, with associated improvements in glycemic control, comparable to that produced by VLCD, and that weight reduction after LCD has a beneficial effect on lipid profile.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2 Several studies have shown that weight loss obtained through very low calorie diet (VLCD) can improve glycemic control in overweight type 2 diabetics. [3][4][5][6][7] The efficacy of a less restricted low calorie diet (LCD) to correct the atherogenic lipid profile in these patients has not yet been evaluated. In the present study, NMR spectroscopy was used to determine compositional changes in lipoproteins in type 2 diabetic patients after 8 weeks full diet-replacement with a commercial LCD (850 kcal/day).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effect of a rapid weight loss on lipid profile and glycemic control in obese type 2 diabetic patients

Harder¹,

Dinesen

Astrup³

2003

Int J Obes

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OBJECTIVE:To test the effect of low calorie diet (LCD) on body weight, lipid profile, and glycemic control in obese type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) patients. DESIGN: Dietary intervention. SETTING: Department of Human Nutrition, Copenhagen. SUBJECTS: Outpatients: 11 type 2 DM patients (three males/eight females) (10 completed), four on oral hypoglycemic agents (OHA). Body mass index (BMI) 36.875.5 kg/m 2 and age 6275.7 y. INTERVENTIONS: In all, 8 weeks full meal-replacement diet: eight sachets of a nutrition powder (Nutrilett s , 850 kcal/day). Lipid profile assessed by NMR spectroscopy. RESULTS: Mean body weight fell by 10.9 kg (B11%, Po0.001). Fasting insulin, fasting blood glucose, hemoglobin A 1c , fasting plasma triglycerides, total cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol fell significantly. There were large positive changes (statistically insignificant) in LDL subclass distribution and a similar shift in high-density lipoprotein subclass distribution. Medication was discontinued in all four subjects taking OHA for 2 weeks prior to the intervention and throughout the whole 8-week intervention period. CONCLUSION: LCD is effective in improving glycemic control and blood lipids through weight loss in overweight type 2 DM patients.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of a rapid weight loss on lipid profile and glycemic control in obese type 2 diabetic patients

Harder¹,

Dinesen

Astrup³

2003

Int J Obes

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show abstract

“…Moreover, moderate weight reduction has been associated with a reduction in the use of glucose lowering medication and an improvement in the co-morbidities associated with type 2 diabetes. 5,6 Finally, data on the follow-up of overweight individuals with diabetes enrolled in the American Cancer Society's Cancer Prevention Study suggest that voluntary modest weight loss is associated with a 25% reduction in total mortality in type 2 diabetic patients. 7 The beneficial effects of a moderate weight reduction on hypertension and serum lipids have also been well established.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Updated review on the benefits of weight loss

2002

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Obesity is associated with type 2 diabetes, hypertension and hyperlipidaemia. Modest weight loss has been shown to have a beneficial effect on these cardiovascular risk factors and to improve risk factor clustering. Recent lifestyle intervention studies also suggest that modest weight loss can help to prevent two of the most common conditions associated with obesity: hypertension and type 2 diabetes. The practical problem is how to translate results from these studies into daily practice. In the studies, only a limited number of individuals maintained substantial weight loss over the follow up period. New approaches are needed to achieve and maintain weight loss.

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“…1±3 Weight reduction in overweight individuals has bene®cial health effects, including improvements in blood pressure, 4 glucose tolerance, 5 insulin resistance, 6 and lipid levels. 7,8 These associations have followed the public health recommendation that persons whose weight is substantially above an average weight-for-height should lose weight.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of ten year body weight variability on cardiovascular risk factors in Japanese middle-aged men and women

et al. 2001

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OBJECTIVE:The purpose of the present study was to determine the effects of weight variability on cardiovascular risk factors (CRF) based on a large sample of community-resident Japanese males and females. METHOD: A total of 3564 men and 1955 women, all Japanese, aged 30±69 y in the baseline year (1987), were followed-up for up to 10 y (end-point in 1996). Height, body weight, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, fasting serum total cholesterol, triglyceride and fasting plasma glucose were measured as an annual health check-up. At least six times in 10 y, body mass index (BMI) mean was calculated as an index of the BMI level of each subject (BMI mean). Direction and magnitude of the change in a subject's BMI was determined by a regression slope of BMI values over time (BMI slope). BMI¯uctuation was de®ned as the root mean square error (BMI RMSE) of a regression line. The slopes of the ®ve CRF were calculated using each regression equation over time. RESULTS: The BMI slope strongly correlated to each CRF slope independent of baseline age, baseline CRF value, smoking habit, BMI mean and BMI RMSE. BMI RMSE did not correlate to any CRF slopes. CONCLUSION: This study indicates that weight gain and weight loss have a much greater effect on CRF change than does weight¯uctuation in Japanese middle-aged men and women.

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The Safety and Efficacy of a Controlled Low-Energy ('Very-Low-Calorie') Diet in the Treatment of Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes and Obesity

Cited by 72 publications

References 23 publications

The effect of a rapid weight loss on lipid profile and glycemic control in obese type 2 diabetic patients

The effect of a rapid weight loss on lipid profile and glycemic control in obese type 2 diabetic patients

Updated review on the benefits of weight loss

Effects of ten year body weight variability on cardiovascular risk factors in Japanese middle-aged men and women

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