The Saccus Vasculosus

Altner, Helmut; Zimmermann, H.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-119285-3.50012-x

Cited by 13 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…The saccus vasculosus is a specialized ependymovascular recess of the caudal hypothalamus of elasmobranchs and most bony fishes that consists of CSF-contacting bipolar neurons, coronet cells, and supporting cells (Altner and Zimmermann, 1972;Corujo et al, 1990). In the ayu (Chiba et al, 1996) and trout (Yáñ ez et al, 1997), NPY-ir cells have been reported in the saccus vasculosus.…”

Section: Distribution Of Npy Immunoreactivity In the Trout Brainmentioning

confidence: 96%

Development of immunoreactivity to neuropeptide Y in the brain of brown trout (Salmo trutta fario)

et al. 1999

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Section: Distribution Of Npy Immunoreactivity In the Trout Brainmentioning

confidence: 96%

Development of immunoreactivity to neuropeptide Y in the brain of brown trout (Salmo trutta fario)

et al. 1999

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“…Alternativately, these cells could be identified as 'coronet cells', which have been considered specialized non-neuronal elements supporting numerous modified cilia. In teleosts, 'coronet cells' integrate the saccus vasculosus, a neural structure located in the caudal hypothalamus [Altner and Zimmermann, 1972]. It has been stated that centriologenesis and ciliogenesis in developing coronet cells occurs early during trout development and as a consequence cilia project early to an unexpanded ventricle [Corujo et al, 1990].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emergence of Axonal Tracts in the Developing Brain of the Turbot <i>(Psetta maxima)</i>

et al. 2000

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In this study we have investigated the pattern of morphogenesis and axogenesis in the turbot brain during embryonic and early larval stages with immunohistochemistry using an antibody against acetylated tubulin. The first immunoreactive elements were detected at 74 h post-fertilization in fibers running in the medial and lateral longitudinal fascicles. Newly positive axonal bundles are progressively added during development forming rostrocaudally directed tracts. The tract of the postoptic commissure appears at 86 h post-fertilization located rostrally to the medial longitudinal fascicle. Together, the medial longitudinal fascicle and the tract of the postoptic commissure constitute a major longitudinal axonal pathway, which is extended rostrally in embryos of 98 h post-fertilization by the supraoptic tract. In the forebrain, two vertical tracts, the tract of the posterior commissure (appearing around 98 h post-fertilization) and the tract of the anterior commissure (detected at 110 h post-fertilization) project descending axons to the pre-existing axonal longitudinal pathway. These early tracts are connected by four associated commissures (ventral tegmental, postoptic, posterior and anterior commissure). Some groups of labeled cell bodies are identified either as the origin of the embryonic tracts or contributing axons to the axonal pathways. Additionally, a conspicuous cluster of large cells, not clearly associated with any axonal bundle, was observed from 98 h post-fertilization lining the caudal floor of the presumptive hypothalamus. Several hypotheses are proposed to determine the nature of these cells. A comparison of the emergence of the axonal circuitry in turbot and that of other teleosts reveals significant analogies, suggesting that a common pattern underlies the establishment of the embryonic tracts in this vertebrate group. The minor differences observed between different teleost species, associated with the absence of some axonal fascicles, is also considered.

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“…Coronet cells are characterized by an apical crown of globule-tipped cilia protruding into the ventricle and have traditionally been considered responsible for the function(s) of the SV [Jansen and Flight, 1969;Altner and Zimmermann, 1972;Rodríguez-Moldes and Anadón, 1988;Corujo et al, 1990]. Classical studies indicated that these cells have axons [Dammerman, 1910], although this has not been confirmed by ultrastructural studies [Zimmermann and Altner, 1970].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The presence of CSF-c neurons in the SV has been characterized by electron microscopy in both teleosts [Jansen and Flight, 1969;Altner and Zimmermann, 1972;Corujo et al, 1990] and elasmobranchs [Rodríguez-Moldes and Anadón, 1988]. Histochemical studies of the SV in teleosts have revealed acetylcholinesterase activity (AChE) in CSF-c neurons [Vigh-Teichmann et al, 1970;Zimmermann and Altner, 1970;Jansen and West, 1971;Vigh et al, 1972].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…neurons) and supporting cells [Jansen and Flight, 1969;Altner and Zimmermann, 1972;Rodríguez-Moldes and Anadón, 1988]. Coronet cells are characterized by an apical crown of globule-tipped cilia protruding into the ventricle and have traditionally been considered responsible for the function(s) of the SV [Jansen and Flight, 1969;Altner and Zimmermann, 1972;Rodríguez-Moldes and Anadón, 1988;Corujo et al, 1990].…”

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confidence: 99%

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New Insights on Saccus vasculosus Evolution: A Developmental and Immunohistochemical Study in Elasmobranchs

et al. 2007

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The saccus vasculosus (SV) is a circumventricular organ of the hypothalamus of many jawed fishes whose functions have not yet been clarified. It is a vascularized neuroepithelium that consists of coronet cells, cerebrospinal fluid-contacting (CSF-c) neurons and supporting cells. To assess the organization, development and evolution of the SV, the expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and the neuronal markers γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD; the GABA synthesizing enzyme), neuropeptide Y (NPY), neurophysin II (NPH), tyrosine hydroxylase (TH; the rate-limiting catecholamine-synthesizing enzyme) and serotonin (5-HT), were investigated by immunohistochemistry in developing and adult sharks. Coronet cells showed GFAP immunoreactivity from embryos at stage 31 to adults, indicating a glial nature. GABAergic CSF-c neurons were evidenced just when the primordium of the SV becomes detectable (at stage 29). Double immunolabeling revealed colocalization of NPY and GAD in these cells. Some CSF-c cells showed TH immunoreactivity in postembryonic stages. Saccofugal GABAergic fibers formed a defined SV tract from the stage 30 and scattered neurosecretory (NPH-immunoreactive) and monoaminergic (5-HT- and TH-immunoreactive) saccopetal fibers were first detected at stages 31 and 32, respectively. The early differentiation of GABAergic neurons and the presence of a conspicuous GABAergic saccofugal system are shared by elasmobranch and teleosts (trout), suggesting that GABA plays a key function in the SV circuitry. Monoaminergic structures have not been reported in the SV of bony fishes, and were probably acquired secondarily in sharks. The existence of saccopetal monoaminergic and neurosecretory fibers reveals reciprocal connections between the SV and hypothalamic structures which have not been previously detected in teleosts.

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The Saccus Vasculosus

Cited by 13 publications

References 39 publications

Development of immunoreactivity to neuropeptide Y in the brain of brown trout (Salmo trutta fario)

Development of immunoreactivity to neuropeptide Y in the brain of brown trout (Salmo trutta fario)

Emergence of Axonal Tracts in the Developing Brain of the Turbot <i>(Psetta maxima)</i>

New Insights on Saccus vasculosus Evolution: A Developmental and Immunohistochemical Study in Elasmobranchs

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