The “Rubber Band” and “Slingshot” Effects of the Posterior Airway Space in Mandibular Orthognathic Surgeries

Abstract

Introduction Mandibular surgeries are the most common orthognathic procedures that are undertaken. The pharyngeal airway space (PAS) is influenced by the changes in the sagittal changes of the mandible. Mandibular advancement surgeries are used to an advantage in obstructive sleep apnea cases to improve the airway space. On the contrary, there can be a considerable decrease in the airway space during mandibular setback procedures. Numerous studies have been conducted to study the effect of changes in the PAS during mandibular procedures. However, a combined radiographic and endoscopic analysis of the airway space has been sparsely done in recent literature Materials and methods Thirty-one patients with mandibular discrepancies who needed mandibular surgeries were chosen. The assessment of PAS was done using both lateral cephalograms and endoscopic examination. Results As lateral cephalograms can study only the twodimensional changes in the PAS, endoscopic examination both pre operatively and post operatively enabled the exact assessment of mandibular surgeries on the PAS. The PAS responds to setback mandibular surgery by modifying itself-called the ''Rubber band'' effect and in advancement surgeries as ''Slingshot effect''.

Three‐dimensional ultrastructural analysis and histomorphometry of collagen bundles in the periodontal ligament using focused ion beam/scanning electron microscope tomography

“…Therefore, the collagen organization and 3D histomorphometric findings of the present study might indicate that collagen bundles in the horizontal fiber area have high strength, that the tooth is firmly anchored to the alveolar bone in the horizontal fiber area and that the tooth is not attached evenly to the alveolar bone. The tooth could be firmly anchored around the cervical area, generating a “slingshot‐like structure.” This structure is also effectively used in other contexts …”

“…This structure is also effectively used in other contexts. [25][26][27] F I G U R E 5 Serial section and 3-dimensional structure of cellular process. (A) Some cellular processes extend well inside the collagen bundle.…”

Die Bedeutung des extrathorakalen Luftraumes für die Kieferorthopädie

“…In diesem Zusammenhang sind für Effekte auf die Atemwege auch sehr bildhafte Begriffe wie "Slingshot" -oder "Rubber Band Effect" in der Literatur [30] dokumentiert.…”