The Roles of Coenzyme Q in Disease: Direct and Indirect Involvement in Cellular Functions

Pallotti, Francesco; Bergamini, Christian; Lamperti, Costanza; Fato, Romana

doi:10.3390/ijms23010128

Cited by 50 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 145 publications

(178 reference statements)

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“…Because CoQ 10 is a component of lipoproteins mainly present in the plasma, where about 75% is associated with LDL and the remaining is localized in blood cells (platelets, erythrocytes, and leucocytes) [ 26 ], we also calculated ratios of CoQ 10-TOTAL and lipids. CoQ 10-TOTAL /total cholesterol, CoQ 10-TOTAL /HDL-cholesterol, and CoQ 10-TOTAL /LDL-cholesterol indexes significantly increased during chemotherapy compared to baseline.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in CoQ10/Lipids Ratio, Oxidative Stress, and Coenzyme Q10 during First-Line Cisplatin-Based Chemotherapy in Patients with Metastatic Urothelial Carcinoma (mUC)

Palacka

Kucharská

Obertová

et al. 2022

IJMS

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Oxidative stress plays an important role in cancer pathogenesis, and thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance level (TBARS)—a parameter of lipid peroxidation—has prognostic significance in chemotherapy-naive patients with metastatic urothelial carcinoma (mUC). However, the effect of cisplatin (CDDP)-based chemotherapy on oxidative stress, coenzyme Q10, and antioxidants remains unknown. The objective of this prospective study was to determine possible changes in the CoQ10 (coenzyme Q10)/lipids ratio, antioxidants (α-tocopherol, γ-tocopherol, β-carotene, CoQ10), total antioxidant status (TAS), and TBARS in plasma at baseline and during first-line chemotherapy based on CDDP in mUC subjects. In this prospective study, 63 consecutive patients were enrolled. The median age was 66 years (range 39–84), performance status according to the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) was 2 in 7 subjects (11.1%), and visceral metastases were present in 31 (49.2%) patients. Plasma antioxidants were determined by HPLC and TAS and TBARS spectrophotometrically. After two courses of chemotherapy, we recorded significant enhancements compared to baseline for total cholesterol (p < 0.0216), very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) cholesterol (p < 0.002), triacylglycerols (p < 0.0083), α-tocopherol (p < 0.0044), and coenzyme Q10-TOTAL (p < 0.0001). Ratios of CoQ10/total cholesterol, CoQ10/HDL-cholesterol, and CoQ10/LDL-cholesterol increased during chemotherapy vs. baseline (p < 0.0048, p < 0.0101, p < 0.0032, respectively), while plasma TBARS declined (p < 0.0004). The stimulation of antioxidants could be part of the defense mechanism during CDDP treatment. The increased index of CoQ10-TOTAL/lipids could reflect the effect of CDDP protecting lipoproteins from peroxidation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in CoQ10/Lipids Ratio, Oxidative Stress, and Coenzyme Q10 during First-Line Cisplatin-Based Chemotherapy in Patients with Metastatic Urothelial Carcinoma (mUC)

Palacka

Kucharská

Obertová

et al. 2022

IJMS

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“…Glutathione (GSH), the most important intracellular antioxidant metabolite, requires cysteine as a raw material for its synthesis, and cells can endogenously synthesize cysteine via the transsulfuration pathway to resist ferroptosis ( 65 , 66 ). In addition, myristoylation modification of ferroptosis inhibitory protein 1 leads to a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH)–dependent decrease in coenzyme Q, which acts as a radical-trapping antioxidant to inhibit lipid peroxide proliferation ( 67 , 68 ).…”

Section: Ferroptosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Ferroptosis, necroptosis, and pyroptosis in the occurrence and development of ovarian cancer

Zhang

Liu

2022

Front. Immunol.

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Ovarian cancer (OC) is one of the most common malignancies that causes death in women and is a heterogeneous disease with complex molecular and genetic changes. Because of the relatively high recurrence rate of OC, it is crucial to understand the associated mechanisms of drug resistance and to discover potential target for rational targeted therapy. Cell death is a genetically determined process. Active and orderly cell death is prevalent during the development of living organisms and plays a critical role in regulating life homeostasis. Ferroptosis, a novel type of cell death discovered in recent years, is distinct from apoptosis and necrosis and is mainly caused by the imbalance between the production and degradation of intracellular lipid reactive oxygen species triggered by increased iron content. Necroptosis is a regulated non-cysteine protease–dependent programmed cell necrosis, morphologically exhibiting the same features as necrosis and occurring via a unique mechanism of programmed cell death different from the apoptotic signaling pathway. Pyroptosis is a form of programmed cell death that is characterized by the formation of membrane pores and subsequent cell lysis as well as release of pro-inflammatory cell contents mediated by the abscisin family. Studies have shown that ferroptosis, necroptosis, and pyroptosis are involved in the development and progression of a variety of diseases, including tumors. In this review, we summarized the recent advances in ferroptosis, necroptosis, and pyroptosis in the occurrence, development, and therapeutic potential of OC.

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“…The isoprene chain is synthesized through the mevalonate pathway, a common pathway for cholesterol synthesis [ 9 , 10 ]. CoQ10 (also known as ubiquinone, because it is ubiquitous) exists in its oxidized (ubiquinone) or reduced form (ubiquinol), the latter being the most predominant in the human body [ 11 ]. Although CoQ10 has similar biological functions to vitamins, it differs in that it is biosynthesized in the body and vitamins are obtained only from the diet.…”

Section: Coenzyme Q10mentioning

confidence: 99%

Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Coenzyme Q10 Supplementation on Infectious Diseases

et al. 2022

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With the appearance of new viruses and infectious diseases (ID) such as COVID-19 in 2019, as well as the lack of specific pharmacological tools for the management of patients with severe complications or comorbidities, it is important to search for adjuvant treatments that help improve the prognosis of infectious disease patients. It is also important that these treatments limit the oxidative and hyperinflammatory damage caused as a response to pathogenic agents, since, in some cases, an inflammatory syndrome may develop that worsens the patient’s prognosis. The potential benefits of complementary nutrients and dietary interventions in the treatment of pathological processes in which oxidative stress and inflammation play a fundamental role have been widely evaluated. Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) is a supplement that has been shown to protect cells and be effective in cardiovascular diseases and obesity. Additionally, some studies have proposed it as a possible adjuvant treatment in viral infections. Preclinical and clinical studies have shown that CoQ10 has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, and effects on mitochondrial dysfunction, which have been linked to the inflammatory response.

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The Roles of Coenzyme Q in Disease: Direct and Indirect Involvement in Cellular Functions

Cited by 50 publications

References 145 publications

Changes in CoQ10/Lipids Ratio, Oxidative Stress, and Coenzyme Q10 during First-Line Cisplatin-Based Chemotherapy in Patients with Metastatic Urothelial Carcinoma (mUC)

Changes in CoQ10/Lipids Ratio, Oxidative Stress, and Coenzyme Q10 during First-Line Cisplatin-Based Chemotherapy in Patients with Metastatic Urothelial Carcinoma (mUC)

Ferroptosis, necroptosis, and pyroptosis in the occurrence and development of ovarian cancer

Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Coenzyme Q10 Supplementation on Infectious Diseases

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