The Roles of Alkali/Alkaline Earth Metals in the Materials Design and Development for Hydrogen Storage

Abstract

Metrics & MoreArticle Recommendations * sı Supporting Information CONSPECTUS: Hydrogen storage for onboard applications has been recognized as a grand challenge for the large-scale implementation of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles. Tremendous research efforts have thus been devoted to the design and development of hydrides of lightweight elements (HLEs). A prominent feature of these materials is the indispensable ingredient of alkali/alkaline earth cations. Alkali alkaline earth metals (AMs) are highly reactive and have a rich coordination chemistry. As a matter of fact, an AM cation can form a complete range of compounds with hydrogenous anions, such as

Aluminum methylamidoborane complexes: mechanochemical synthesis, structure, stability, and reactive hydride composites

“…The white solid was then dried under vacuum overnight to eliminate residual THF. The product was characterized by means of 1 H, 13 C, and 11 B NMR and PXRD (Fig. S1-S4 †).…”

“…Compressed H 2 gas is the currently accepted solution, but solid-state hydrogen storage appears to be an interesting mid-and long-term alternative. 2,[4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13] Unfortunately, up to now, no single hydrogenstorage material fullls all the essential application requirements (like the volumetric and gravimetric hydrogen capacities, handling pressure and temperature, and regeneration of dehydrogenated products) despite several decades of intensive investigation. 14 Therefore, developing new and better materials for this purpose is still a major requirement.…”

Recent Development in Nanoconfined Hydrides for Energy Storage

“…Improvements on hydrogen release/uptake cycles have often been explored in conjunction with utilization of catalysts used to either dope the host, or the hydride material. This strategy is based on formation of active sites for hydrogenation reaction to occur, or is sometimes ascribed to the formation of a reactive intermediate species [19,68,92,102,[111][112][113]117,125,128,151,160,161,163,[195][196][197]. In addition, cation substitution or anion substitution in complex hydrides has been employed to reduce energy barriers and improve overall recyclability of the hydride materials (Table 8).…”

“…The overall enhancement of kinetic and thermodynamic parameters can be tuned by utilization of catalysts. This is usually implemented to improve behavior of systems that already show promising results including recyclability (Table 9) [19,20,34,43,57,65,68,77,82,92,102,108,113,118,120,125,131,132,134,136,139,143,147,158,160,[166][167][168]172,[183][184][185][186][187][188][189][190][191][192]194,[196][197][198][199][200][201][202][203]…”

“…The state-of-the-art of boron-nitrogen compounds for energy storage was reviewed by Kumar et al [11] and Hagemann [12]. The solid-state materials used for hydrogen storage have been addressed by Lee et al [13], Hadjixenophontos et al [14], Broom and Hirscher [15], Comanescu [16], Kharbachi et al [17], Zheng et al [18] and He et al [19], among others. The role of highly dispersed catalysts on hydrogen storage materials [20] and the topologically engineered materials serving for energy conversion and storage [21] have also been very recently reviewed, while the critical issue of accurately describing hydrogen sorption properties of materials has been highlighted by Broom et al [15].…”