The Role of Zinc in Alzheimer′s Disease

Watt, Nicole T.; Whitehouse, Isobel J.; Hooper, Nigel M.

doi:10.4061/2011/971021

Cited by 106 publications

(93 citation statements)

References 166 publications

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“…On the other hand, zinc binds to Aβ which promotes its aggregation into a neurotoxic species, and as a result, disruption of zinc homeostasis in the brain results in synaptic and memory deficits. Thus, zinc dyshomeostasis may play a critical role in the pathogenesis of AD [52]. Furthermore, these authors proposed that chelating zinc or regulating zinc is a potential AD therapeutic treatment.…”

Section: Pathophysiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic relationship between diabetes and Alzheimer's Disease affected by Cyclo(His-Pro) plus zinc treatment

et al. 2017

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BackgroundAssociation of Alzheimer's Disease (AD) with Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) has been well established. Cyclo(His-Pro) plus zinc (Cyclo-Z) treatment ameliorated diabetes in rats and similar improvements have been seen in human patients. Treatment of amyloid precursor protein (APP) transgenic mice with Cyclo-Z exhibited memory improvements and significantly reduced Aβ-40 and Aβ-42 protein levels in the brain tissues of the mice.Scope of reviewMetabolic relationship between AD and T2D will be described with particular attention to insulin sensitivity and Aβ degradation in brain and plasma tissues. Mechanistic effect of insulin degrading enzyme (IDE) in decreasing blood glucose and brain Aβ levels will be elucidated. Cyclo-Z effects on these biochemical parameters will be discussed.Major conclusionStimulation of IDE synthesis is effective for the clinical treatment of metabolic diseases including AD and T2D.General significanceCyclo-Z might be the effective treatment of AD and T2D by stimulating IDE synthesis.

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Section: Pathophysiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic relationship between diabetes and Alzheimer's Disease affected by Cyclo(His-Pro) plus zinc treatment

et al. 2017

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“…Zinc is the most abundant trace metal in the brain [224]. Most of the amyloid-β degrading enzymes are zinc metalloproteases, and zinc is also critical in the nonamyloidogenic processing of the amyloid precursor protein.…”

Section: A Role For Zinc Deficiencymentioning

confidence: 99%

Glyphosate’s Suppression of Cytochrome P450 Enzymes and Amino Acid Biosynthesis by the Gut Microbiome: Pathways to Modern Diseases

Samsel

Seneff²

2013

Entropy

250

180

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“…33) was emphasized by the finding of Zn enrichment within AD plaques and a Zn increase in the neuropil of AD patients compared to controls (24). Zinc has a crucial role in Ab aggregation, which is the most well-established contribution that zinc may have in AD pathogenesis.…”

Section: Zincmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metal ions, Alzheimer's disease and chelation therapy

Budimir¹

2011

Acta Pharmaceutica

176

113

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Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive and fatal neurodegenerative disease, clinically characterized by memory and cognitive dysfunctions. It is primarily a disease of old age (1) and is the most prevalent cause of dementia in elderly people (2). AD affects about 35 million people worldwide today (3) and it is estimated to nearly double every 20 years, to reach 66 million in 2030, and 115 million in 2050 (3). There is no known cause and no cure for AD and these numbers makes finding a cure or rational treatment for AD an urgent priority. Despite significant advances in understanding the neuropathological and neurochemical events taking place in AD, the etiopathogenesis of progressive and mental cognitive dysfunction associated with aging remains largely unclear.Pathologically, AD is characterized by neuronal degeneration. The brains of AD patients are mainly characterized by extracellular proteic (or neuritic) deposits (amyloid or senile plaques) surrounded by dystrophic neuritic and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles (NFT) (4). The plaques and tangles are present mainly in brain regions involved in learning and memory and emotional behavior such as the entorhinal cortex, hippocam- In the last few years, various studies have been providing evidence that metal ions are critically involved in the pathogenesis of major neurological diseases (Alzheimer, Parkinson). Metal ion chelators have been suggested as potential therapies for diseases involving metal ion imbalance. Neurodegeneration is an excellent target for exploiting the metal chelator approach to therapeutics. In contrast to the direct chelation approach in metal ion overload disorders, in neurodegeneration the goal seems to be a better and subtle modulation of metal ion homeostasis, aimed at restoring ionic balance. Thus, moderate chelators able to coordinate deleterious metals without disturbing metal homeostasis are needed. To date, several chelating agents have been investigated for their potential to treat neurodegeneration, and a series of 8-hydroxyquinoline analogues showed the greatest potential for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.

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The Role of Zinc in Alzheimer′s Disease

Cited by 106 publications

References 166 publications

Metabolic relationship between diabetes and Alzheimer's Disease affected by Cyclo(His-Pro) plus zinc treatment

Metabolic relationship between diabetes and Alzheimer's Disease affected by Cyclo(His-Pro) plus zinc treatment

Glyphosate’s Suppression of Cytochrome P450 Enzymes and Amino Acid Biosynthesis by the Gut Microbiome: Pathways to Modern Diseases

Metal ions, Alzheimer's disease and chelation therapy

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