The role of vitamin D deficiency in sepsis and potential therapeutic implications

Watkins, Richard R.; Yamshchikov, Alexandra; Lemonovich, Tracy L.; Salata, Robert A.

doi:10.1016/j.jinf.2011.07.002

Cited by 54 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…Vitamin D deficiency is highly prevalent in different patient populations with sepsis including the elderly and African Americans (Watkins et al 2011). Furthermore, septic patients admitted to intensive care units (ICUs) with low 6 25(OH)D have lower mean levels of cathelicidin and vitamin D binding protein which likely leads to reduced monocyte autophagy (Jeng et al 2009).…”

Section: Sepsismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Vitamin D deficiency is common in patients with active MTb (Kim et al 2013). In the pre-antibiotic era, cod liver oil, which is high in vitamin D, was used to treat MTb and other pulmonary infections (Watkins et al 2011). The mechanism underlying this process is likely the inhibition of MTb growth in macrophages through the induction of autophagy by 1,25D, as well as an autophagic flux from cathelicidin (Campbell and Spector 2012).…”

Section: Respiratory Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An update on the association of vitamin D deficiency with common infectious diseases

Watkins

Lemonovich

Salata

2015

Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol.

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100

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Vitamin D plays an important role in modulating the immune response to infections. Deficiency of vitamin D is a common condition, affecting both the general population and patients in health care facilities. Over the last decade, an increasing body of evidence has shown an association between vitamin D deficiency and an increased risk for acquiring several infectious diseases, as well as poorer outcomes in vitamin D deficient patients with infections. This review details recent developments in understanding the role of vitamin D in immunity, the antibacterial actions of vitamin D, the association between vitamin D deficiency and common infections (like sepsis, pneumonia, influenza, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV), and hepatitis C virus (HCV)), potential therapeutic implications for vitamin D replacement, and future research directions.

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Section: Sepsismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Respiratory Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An update on the association of vitamin D deficiency with common infectious diseases

Watkins

Lemonovich

Salata

2015

Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol.

Self Cite

100

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Patients with sepsis have a high mortality rate as well as a high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency. In addition, septic patients have decreased DBP levels, which further exacerbate the total low vitamin D levels but might attenuate the risk of vitamin D deficiency by maintaining normal free or bioavailable 25(OH)D [50]. Jeng et al found that 25(OH)D and DBP levels were lower in patients in the intensive care unit with sepsis compared with healthy controls [51].…”

Section: Pathologic Factors Affecting Dbp and 25(oh)d Levelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin D Binding Protein Impact on 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Levels under Different Physiologic and Pathologic Conditions

Yousefzadeh

Shapses

Wang

2014

International Journal of Endocrinology

138

121

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There is a high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency worldwide, but how to define vitamin D deficiency is controversial. Currently, the plasma concentration of total 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] is considered an indicator of vitamin D status. The free hormone hypothesis states that protein-bound hormones are inactive while unbound hormones are free to exert biological activity. The majority of circulating 25(OH)D and 1,25(OH)2D is tightly bound to vitamin D binding protein (DBP), 10–15% is bound to albumin, and less than 1% of circulating vitamin D exists in an unbound form. While DBP is relatively stable in most healthy populations, a recent study showed that there are gene polymorphisms associated with race and ethnicity that could alter DBP levels and binding affinity. Furthermore, in some clinical situations, total vitamin D levels are altered and knowing whether DBP is also altered may have treatment implications. The aim of this review is to assess DBP concentration in different physiological and pathophysiological conditions. We suggest that DBP should be considered in the interpretation of 25(OH)D levels.

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“…There is increasing evidence that vitamin D deficiency plays an important role in susceptibility to infections. Vitamin D deficiency has been reported in children with recurrent tonsillitis, sepsis, community-acquired pneumonia, and influenza [9,10,11,12]. However, there is no study examining the relationship between UTI, which is a major health problem, and vitamin D deficiency in children.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Association between Vitamin D Levels and Urinary Tract Infection in Children

et al. 2015

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Aim: We aimed to examine whether there is any association between serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D₃] and urinary tract infection (UTI) among children. Methods: White blood cell count, serum C-reactive protein, calcium, phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase, parathormone, and serum 25(OH)D₃ levels were measured in 82 children experiencing a ﬁrst episode of UTI, with no risk factors for UTI, and 64 healthy control children. Results: The mean serum levels of 25(OH)D₃ among children with UTI were significantly lower than those of controls (11.7 ± 3.3 vs. 27.6 ± 4.7 ng/ml; p < 0.001). The serum levels of 25(OH)D₃ were significantly lower in patients with acute pyelonephritis compared to patients with lower UTI (8.6 ± 2.8 vs. 14.2 ± 3.0 ng/ml; p < 0.001). Within the study group, mean serum levels of 25(OH)D₃ among girls were lower than those of boys (10.9 ± 3.4 ng/ml vs. 13.2 ± 4.4 ng/ml; p < 0.001). Multivariate analysis showed that a serum 25(OH)D₃ level of <20 ng/ml (odds ratio 3.503, 95% confidence interval 1.621-7.571; p = 0.001) was associated with UTI in children. Conclusions: Our results suggest that vitamin D deficiency may be a risk factor for UTI in children.

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The role of vitamin D deficiency in sepsis and potential therapeutic implications

Cited by 54 publications

References 58 publications

An update on the association of vitamin D deficiency with common infectious diseases

An update on the association of vitamin D deficiency with common infectious diseases

Vitamin D Binding Protein Impact on 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Levels under Different Physiologic and Pathologic Conditions

The Association between Vitamin D Levels and Urinary Tract Infection in Children

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