The Role of Vascular Calcification in Heart Failure and Cognitive Decline

Cheng, Hao‐Min; Wang, Jiun‐Jr

doi:10.1159/000484941

Cited by 19 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…To the best of our knowledge, no research has been performed into the role of GDF15 on cardiac tissue calcification, something less prevalent but nevertheless interesting as it plays a major role in conduction disturbances in cardiac tissue 155 . In line, HFpEF is associated with microvascular stiffness and microvascular calcification 156,157 . Well established are coronary artery calcifications associated with heart failure as they increase the risk for cardiovascular events 158,159 .…”

Section: Discussion and Future Perspectivementioning

confidence: 99%

“…155 In line, HFpEF is associated with microvascular GDF15 in adverse cardiac remodelling stiffness and microvascular calcification. 156,157 Well established are coronary artery calcifications associated with heart failure as they increase the risk for cardiovascular events. 158,159 Until known preventive treatment for calcification is not possible because of lack of knowledge about the underlying mechanism, [160][161][162] GDF15 is associated with the presence of carotid artery calcification, 22 increased expression resulted in reduced atherosclerotic lesion formation, 163 and absence of GDF15 in leukocytes resulted in stable lesion formation.…”

Section: Microvascular Interventionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Growth differentiation factor 15 in adverse cardiac remodelling: from biomarker to causal player

2020

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Heart failure is a growing health issue as a negative consequence of improved survival upon myocardial infarction, unhealthy lifestyle, and the ageing of our population. The large and complex pathology underlying heart failure makes diagnosis and especially treatment very difficult. There is an urgent demand for discriminative biomarkers to aid disease management of heart failure. Studying cellular pathways and pathophysiological mechanisms contributing to disease initiation and progression is crucial for understanding the disease process and will aid to identification of novel biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets. Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) is a proven valuable biomarker for different pathologies, including cancer, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases. Although the prognostic value of GDF15 in heart failure is robust, the biological function of GDF15 in adverse cardiac remodelling is not fully understood. GDF15 is a distant member of the transforming growth factor-β family and involved in various biological processes including inflammation, cell cycle, and apoptosis. However, more research is suggesting a role in fibrosis, hypertrophy, and endothelial dysfunction. As GDF15 is a pleiotropic protein, elucidating the exact role of GDF15 in complex disease processes has proven to be a challenge. In this review, we provide an overview of the role GDF15 plays in various intracellular and extracellular processes underlying heart failure, and we touch upon crucial points that need consideration before GDF15 can be integrated as a biomarker in standard care or when considering GDF15 for therapeutic intervention.

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Section: Discussion and Future Perspectivementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Microvascular Interventionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth differentiation factor 15 in adverse cardiac remodelling: from biomarker to causal player

2020

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“…Second, VC reduces arterial elasticity and causes an increase in arterial stiffness. Decreased aortic reserve function leads to a decrease in diastolic blood flow in the coronary arteries, which ultimately leads to myocardial ischemia [33]. Third, long-term left ventricular load aggravation can cause left ventricular hypertrophy, and gradually develop into heart failure [33].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Decreased aortic reserve function leads to a decrease in diastolic blood flow in the coronary arteries, which ultimately leads to myocardial ischemia [33]. Third, long-term left ventricular load aggravation can cause left ventricular hypertrophy, and gradually develop into heart failure [33]. In addition to AAC, age and diabetes are traditional risk factors for increased risk of mortality in CKD patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Abdominal aortic calcification is superior to other arteries calcification in predicting the mortality in peritoneal dialysis patients – a 8 years cohort study

Niu

Zhao

et al. 2019

BMC Nephrol

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BackgroundIn recent years, there has been a growing concern that abdominal aortic calcification (AAC) has a predictive effect on the prognosis of patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). However, whether other vascular calcification (VC) can predict the occurrence of adverse events in patients, and whether it is necessary to assess the calcification of other blood vessels remains controversial. This study aimed to assess VC in different sites using X-ray films, and to investigate the predictive effects of VC at different sites on all-cause mortality and cardiovascular (CV) mortality in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients.MethodsThe data of Radiographs (lateral abdominal plain film, frontal pelvic radiograph and both hands radiograph) were collected to evaluate the calcification of abdominal aorta, iliac artery, femoral artery, radial artery, and finger arteries. Patients’ demographic data, clinical characteristics, laboratory data were recorded. The total follow-up period was 8 years, and the time and cause of death were recorded. Survival curves were estimated using Kaplan-Meier analysis. COX regression analysis was used to examine independent predictors of all-cause mortality and CV mortality.ResultsOne hundred fifty PD patients were included, a total of 79 patients (52.7%) died at the end of follow-up. After adjusting variables in the multivariate COX regression analysis, AAC was an independent predictor of all-cause mortality in PD patients (HR = 2.089, 95% CI: 1.089–4.042, P = 0.029), and was also an independent predictor of CV mortality (HR = 4.660, 95% CI: 1.852–11.725, P = 0.001). We also found that femoral artery calcification had a predictive effect on all-cause and CV mortality. But the calcification in iliac artery, radial artery, and finger arteries were not independent predictors of patients’ all-cause and CV mortality in PD patients.ConclusionAAC was more common in PD patients and was an independent predictor of all-cause mortality and CV mortality. The femoral artery calcification also can predict the mortality, but the calcification of iliac artery, radial artery, and finger arteries cannot predict the mortality of PD patients.

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“…It is very difficult to stop the pathophysiology of vascular calcification, and this demands early interference in targeting vascular calcification. 16 Vascular calcification is not only linked with CVDs but also with several other diseases such as end-stage renal disease. 17 Vascular calcification is one of the leading causes of mortality in patients with chronic kidney disease.…”

Section: Types Of Cvds and Associated Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

<p>Nanoparticle-Mediated Drug Delivery for the Treatment of Cardiovascular Diseases</p>

Pala

Anju

Dyavaiah

et al. 2020

IJN

114

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Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are one of the foremost causes of high morbidity and mortality globally. Preventive, diagnostic, and treatment measures available for CVDs are not very useful, which demands promising alternative methods. Nanoscience and nanotechnology open a new window in the area of CVDs with an opportunity to achieve effective treatment, better prognosis, and less adverse effects on non-target tissues. The application of nanoparticles and nanocarriers in the area of cardiology has gathered much attention due to the properties such as passive and active targeting to the cardiac tissues, improved target specificity, and sensitivity. It has reported that more than 50% of CVDs can be treated effectively through the use of nanotechnology. The main goal of this review is to explore the recent advancements in nanoparticle-based cardiovascular drug carriers. This review also summarizes the difficulties associated with the conventional treatment modalities in comparison to the nanomedicine for CVDs.

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The Role of Vascular Calcification in Heart Failure and Cognitive Decline

Cited by 19 publications

References 58 publications

Growth differentiation factor 15 in adverse cardiac remodelling: from biomarker to causal player

Growth differentiation factor 15 in adverse cardiac remodelling: from biomarker to causal player

Abdominal aortic calcification is superior to other arteries calcification in predicting the mortality in peritoneal dialysis patients – a 8 years cohort study

<p>Nanoparticle-Mediated Drug Delivery for the Treatment of Cardiovascular Diseases</p>

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