The role of type I interferons (IFNs) in the regulation of chicken macrophage inflammatory response to bacterial challenge

Abstract

Mammalian type I interferons (IFNα/β) are known to modulate inflammatory processes in addition to their antiviral properties. Indeed, virus-induced type I interferons regulate the mammalian phagocyte immune response to bacteria during superinfections. However, it remains unresolved whether type I IFNs similarly impact the chicken macrophage immune response. We first evidenced that IFNα and IFNβ act differently in terms of gene expression stimulation and activation of intracellular signaling pathways in chicken macrophages. Next, we showed that priming of chicken macrophages with IFNα increased bacteria uptake, boosted bacterial-induced ROS/NO production and led to an increased transcriptional expression or production of NOS2/NO, IL1B/IL-1β and notably IFNB/IFNβ. Neutralization of IFNβ during bacterial challenge limited IFNα-induced augmentation of the pro-inflammatory response. In conclusion, we demonstrated that type I IFNs differently regulate chicken macrophage functions and drive a pro-inflammatory response to bacterial challenge. These findings shed light on the diverse functions of type I IFNs in chicken macrophages.

Apicomplexan co-infections impair with phagocytic activity in avian macrophages

“…This finding indicates that primary macrophage phagocytosis is generally declining over time. Compared with a recent study of Garrido et al (Garrido et al 2018), showing that about 25% of HD 11 cells retain phagocytic activity induced by pH-sensitive bioparticles after 16-h mock treatment, our observed phagocytosis percentages are in a good range over the whole chosen study period.…”

“…However, direct comparison of data from mammalian macrophage cultures to our study is of limited value because the avian immune system features complex differences to the mammalian immune system, i.e., different antigen receptors (Iqbal et al 2005), number of cytokines families (Kaufman et al 1999), and delayed NO production of avian macrophages compared with murine macrophages (Malkwitz et al 2018). So far, only two recent reports were found on the investigation of phagocytosis by using the same pH-sensitive fluorescent bioparticles in a chicken macrophage cell line (HD11 cells) (Garrido et al 2018;Lee et al 2018).…”

Avian Pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) Strain-Dependent Immunomodulation of Respiratory Granulocytes and Mononuclear Phagocytes in CSF1R-Reporter Transgenic Chickens

“…Primary lung CSF1R-tg high mononuclear phagocytes were obtained from 6-to 8-week-old CSF1R-reporter transgenic birds by virtue of their adherence to plastic during culture as previously described (23). Cells were seeded at 7 x 10 6 cells on Nunc Lab-Tek 4-well chamber slides (ThermoFisher, UK).…”

Deciphering desirable immune responses from disease models with resistant and susceptible chickens

“…IFN-α is a prominent type I interferon (along with IFN-β) predominantly produced by hematopoietic cells, notably plasmacytoid dendritic cells, in mammals (Ivashkiv and Donlin, 2014). When type I IFNs bind to their cognate receptor (interferon-alpha receptor), it leads to activation of pathways regulating interferon-stimulated genes ( ISG ) and enhanced antigen presentation, regulated inflammasome activation, and upregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines (Garrido et al, 2018). Garrido et al, (2018) reported that IFN-α induced the expression of ISG (at 6h post stimulation) by chicken macrophages to a greater extent than IFN-β (while IFN-β was a stronger inducer of pro-inflammatory cytokine gene expression (IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8)).…”