The role of toxins: impact on human health and aquatic environments

Otero, Paz; Silva, Marisa

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-821491-6.00007-7

Cited by 5 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 145 publications

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“…Furthermore, cyanotoxins have demonstrated their capacity to bioaccumulate in several organisms in different parts of the food chain [ 8 , 9 ], such as mollusks [ 10 ], fish [ 11 ], toads, and plants [ 5 , 12 ]. Thus, their main route of exposure would be the oral route through contaminated water or food intake.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytotoxicity and Effects on the Synapsis Induced by Pure Cylindrospermopsin in an E17 Embryonic Murine Primary Neuronal Culture in a Concentration- and Time-Dependent Manner

Hinojosa

Prieto

Muñoz-Castro

et al. 2022

Toxins

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Cylindrospermopsin (CYN) is a cyanotoxin whose incidence has been increasing in the last decades. Due to its capacity to exert damage at different levels of the organism, it is considered a cytotoxin. Although the main target organ is the liver, recent studies indicate that CYN has potential toxic effects on the nervous system, both in vitro and in vivo. Thus, the aim of the present work was to study the effects of this cyanotoxin on neuronal viability and synaptic integrity in murine primary cultures of neurons exposed to environmentally relevant concentrations (0–1 µg/mL CYN) for 12, 24, and 48 h. The results demonstrate a concentration- and time-dependent decrease in cell viability; no cytotoxicity was detected after exposure to the cyanotoxin for 12 h, while all of the concentrations assayed decreased this parameter after 48 h. Furthermore, CYN was also demonstrated to exert damage at the synaptic level in a murine primary neuronal culture in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. These data highlight the importance of studying the neurotoxic properties of this cyanotoxin in different experimental models.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytotoxicity and Effects on the Synapsis Induced by Pure Cylindrospermopsin in an E17 Embryonic Murine Primary Neuronal Culture in a Concentration- and Time-Dependent Manner

Hinojosa

Prieto

Muñoz-Castro

et al. 2022

Toxins

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“…bloomed in the summer (at Lichk) (Figure 5). Both species produce neurotoxins (e.g., anatoxins), while Anabaena also produces dissolved microcystins, cyanobacterial secondary metabolites [58][59][60]. While both microcystin and anatoxin-a can be degraded to nontoxic degradation products [61][62][63], microcystins can persist for weeks [64,65].…”

Section: Hab and Genotoxic Responses Of Tradescantiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Tradescantia-Based Test Systems Can Be Used for the Evaluation of the Toxic Potential of Harmful Algal Blooms

Khosrovyan

Avalyan

Atoyants

et al. 2023

Water

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Harmful algal blooms (HABs) are overgrowths of toxic strains of algae (diatoms, green) and cyanobacteria (blue-green algae). While occurring naturally, human-induced environmental changes have resulted in more frequent occurrences of such blooms worldwide. Meantime, the ecotoxicological risk of HABs is rarely evaluated by means of standard test methods. For the first time, the genotoxic potential of the HAB event 2020 was assessed using two different Tradescantia-based test systems (Trad-SHM and Trad-MN, 24-h exposure). An integrated analysis of biological (algal abundance) and ecotoxicological (testing) data revealed linkages among algal proliferation, changes in Tradescantia stamen hairs (mutations and suppressed growth) and chromosomal aberrations during microsporogenesis (appearance of micronuclei) that were likely to be caused by toxic algal groups. Green alga Botryococcus braunii and the cyanobacterial species Anabaena and Oscillatoria could suppress stamen hair growth; Cyanobacteria Phormidium and Aphanothece sp. could trigger mutations in stamen hairs (appearance of pink and colorless cells); and Oscillatoria sp. could be responsible for the occurrence of chromosomal damage. Diatom proliferation in the spring was not related to the genotoxic response in Tradescantia. Both tests, the Trad-SHM and Trad-MN, are suitable for the evaluation of the toxic potential of HABs.

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“…Marine organisms hold significant potential in becoming vital resources for the exploration of novel pharmaceuticals [ 1 , 2 , 3 ]. Notably, marine toxins, which mainly include toxic compounds of dinoflagellates, diatoms, and cyanobacteria by bivalve mollusks and other filter-feeding organisms such as algae in marine environments, stand out in this regard.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Notably, marine toxins, which mainly include toxic compounds of dinoflagellates, diatoms, and cyanobacteria by bivalve mollusks and other filter-feeding organisms such as algae in marine environments, stand out in this regard. The chemical and biological diversity exhibited by marine toxins is vast, rendering them an exceptional reservoir for uncovering new medications [ 1 , 2 , 3 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The diversity within this family of compounds arises from variations in the functional groups positioned at four different sites around the purine ring. These variations have led to the classification of these compounds into distinct divisions, which include the carbamate toxins, N-sulfocarbamoyl toxins, decarbamoyl toxins, and deoxydecarbamoyl toxins [ 2 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Marine Toxins as Pharmaceutical Treasure Troves: A Focus on Saxitoxin Derivatives from a Computational Point of View

Flores-Holguín,

Salas-Leiva,

Núñez-Vázquez

et al. 2024

Molecules

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This work highlights the significant potential of marine toxins, particularly saxitoxin (STX) and its derivatives, in the exploration of novel pharmaceuticals. These toxins, produced by aquatic microorganisms and collected by bivalve mollusks and other filter-feeding organisms, offer a vast reservoir of chemical and biological diversity. They interact with sodium channels in physiological processes, affecting various functions in organisms. Exposure to these toxins can lead to symptoms ranging from tingling sensations to respiratory failure and cardiovascular shock, with STX being one of the most potent. The structural diversity of STX derivatives, categorized into carbamate, N-sulfocarbamoyl, decarbamoyl, and deoxydecarbamoyl toxins, offers potential for drug development. The research described in this work aimed to computationally characterize 18 STX derivatives, exploring their reactivity properties within marine sponges using conceptual density functional theory (CDFT) techniques. Additionally, their pharmacokinetic properties, bioavailability, and drug-likeness scores were assessed. The outcomes of this research were the chemical reactivity parameters calculated via CDFT as well as the estimated pharmacokinetic and ADME properties derived using computational tools. While they may not align directly, the integration of these distinct datasets enriches our comprehensive understanding of the compound’s properties and potential applications. Thus, this study holds promise for uncovering new pharmaceutical candidates from the considered marine toxins.

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The role of toxins: impact on human health and aquatic environments

Cited by 5 publications

References 145 publications

Cytotoxicity and Effects on the Synapsis Induced by Pure Cylindrospermopsin in an E17 Embryonic Murine Primary Neuronal Culture in a Concentration- and Time-Dependent Manner

Cytotoxicity and Effects on the Synapsis Induced by Pure Cylindrospermopsin in an E17 Embryonic Murine Primary Neuronal Culture in a Concentration- and Time-Dependent Manner

Tradescantia-Based Test Systems Can Be Used for the Evaluation of the Toxic Potential of Harmful Algal Blooms

Marine Toxins as Pharmaceutical Treasure Troves: A Focus on Saxitoxin Derivatives from a Computational Point of View

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