The role of the Southern Hemisphere in the evolutionary history of Apiaceae, a mostly north temperate plant family

Calviño, Carolina Isabel; Teruel, Federico E.; Downie, Stephen R.

doi:10.1111/jbi.12651

Cited by 37 publications

(29 citation statements)

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“…), or (2) the lineage dispersed into southern Africa, for example, Apiaceae (Calvino et al. ). It could also be the result of the phylogenetic level of clade that was selected for the analysis, for example, Moraea (Iridaceae) (Goldblatt et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frequent and parallel habitat transitions as driver of unbounded radiations in the Cape flora

Bouchenak‐Khelladi

Linder

2017

Evolution

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The enormous species richness in the Cape Floristic Region (CFR) of Southern Africa is the result of numerous radiations, but the temporal progression and possible mechanisms of these radiations are still poorly understood. Here, we explore the macroevolutionary dynamics of the Restionaceae, which include 340 species that are found in all vegetation types in the Cape flora and are ecologically dominant in fynbos. Using an almost complete (i.e., 98%) species-level time calibrated phylogeny and models of diversification dynamics, we show that species diversification is constant through the Cenozoic, with no evidence of an acceleration with the onset of the modern winter-wet climate, or a recent density-dependent slowdown. Contrary to expectation, species inhabiting the oldest (montane) and most extensive (drylands) habitats did not undergo higher diversification rates than species in the younger (lowlands) and more restricted (wetland) habitats. We show that the rate of habitat transitions is more closely related to the speciation rate than to time, and that more than a quarter of all speciation events are associated with habitat transitions. This suggests that the unbounded Restionaceae diversification resulted from numerous, parallel, habitat shifts, rather than persistence in a habitat stimulating speciation. We speculate that this could be one of the mechanisms resulting in the hyperdiverse Cape flora.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frequent and parallel habitat transitions as driver of unbounded radiations in the Cape flora

Bouchenak‐Khelladi

Linder

2017

Evolution

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“…Multi-locus molecular phylogenies, molecular dating, diversification analyses and ancestral area estimation models can be used to infer the biogeographic history of plants at different taxonomic levels (e.g., Calviño & al., 2016;Cardinal-McTeague & al., 2016;Janssens & al., 2016). The well-known geomorphological and climatic history of the Mediterranean Basin, together with the areas' high plant endemism and biodiversity, make it a very suitable and attractive area for reliable reconstructions of the spatio-temporal evolution of plant lineages (e.g., Gaudeul & al., 2016;Hardion & al., 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Different speciation types meet in a Mediterranean genus: The biogeographic history ofCymbalaria(Plantaginaceae)

Carnicero

Sáez

Garcia‐Jacas

et al. 2017

TAXON

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Cymbalaria comprises ten species and six subspecies growing in rocky habitats in the Mediterranean Basin. Several features, such as the genus’ highly fragmented distribution as well as noticeable ecological differentiation between partially sympatric species and presence of ploidy barriers between species suggest the involvement of different speciation types in its evolution. The aims of this study were to test the monophyly of Cymbalaria and to reconstruct infrageneric phylogenetic relationships, to infer the genus’ biogeographic history by estimating divergence times and ancestral distribution areas of lineages, and to disentangle the role of different speciation types. To address these issues, we constructed a phylogeny with a complete taxon sampling based on ITS, 3′ETS, ndhF and rpl32‐trnL sequences. We used the nuclear ribosomal DNA data to produce a time‐calibrated phylogeny, which served as basis for estimating ploidy level evolution and biogeographic history. Cymbalaria was resolved as monophyletic. The genus originated ca. 4 Ma and three lineages segregated rapidly, one comprising solely C. microcalyx subsp. microcalyx and the other two corresponding to western and central‐eastern species, respectively. The main diversification events occurred after the onset of the Mediterranean climate and during Pleistocene climate oscillations. Both founder‐event speciation linked to long‐distance dispersal events and sympatric speciation were supported by the biogeographic analyses. In addition, at least two polyploid speciation events were inferred. Finally, conflicts between current taxonomy and the phylogeny at the species and subspecies level clearly show the need of more detailed integrative taxonomic studies.

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“…Although there is an increasing number of biogeographical studies on seed plants (e.g. Calviño et al, 2016;Givnish et al, 2016), the number of studies on spore plants (e.g. Sundue et al, 2014;Patiño and Vanderpoorten, 2015) is relatively low.…”

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confidence: 99%

Historical biogeography of the ancient lycophyte genus Selaginella: early adaptation to xeric habitats on Pangea

et al. 2016

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The ancient and cosmopolitan lycophyte genus Selaginella has living representatives around the world, but their historical biogeography has not been assessed with modern methods. We estimated a time‐calibrated phylogeny using DNA marker regions rbcL and ITS1‐5.8S‐ITS2 from 200 species. Node density analyses revealed that Selaginellaceae has significantly older median and mean node ages than other putative “ancient” families. We used statistical model comparison to assess different biogeographical models on our dated tree, and to estimate ancestral ranges. These revealed that Selaginella originated on Euramerica around 383 Ma in the Devonian period, while its peak diversification began with the formation of Pangea. The divergence of the two main species‐rich Selaginella lineages occurred approximately 318 Ma on the supercontinent. The major divergences within these main lineages of Selaginella took place in the Late Permian and Early Triassic, along with lineages highly adapted for xeric habitats on Pangea.

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The role of the Southern Hemisphere in the evolutionary history of Apiaceae, a mostly north temperate plant family

Cited by 37 publications

References 50 publications

Frequent and parallel habitat transitions as driver of unbounded radiations in the Cape flora

Frequent and parallel habitat transitions as driver of unbounded radiations in the Cape flora

Different speciation types meet in a Mediterranean genus: The biogeographic history ofCymbalaria(Plantaginaceae)

Historical biogeography of the ancient lycophyte genus Selaginella: early adaptation to xeric habitats on Pangea

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