The role of the skin microbiota in acne pathophysiology

Ramasamy, Srinivas; Barnard, Emma; Dawson, Thomas L.; Li, H.

doi:10.1111/bjd.18230

Cited by 76 publications

(93 citation statements)

References 91 publications

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“…In terms of cutaneous pathophysiology, shifts in the composition of the cutaneous microbiome (dysbiosis) have been identified in a range of inflammatory and autoimmune conditions including psoriasis [49][50][51][52], atopic eczema [53][54][55], bullous pemphigoid [56,57] and acne vulgaris [58]. Building on the evidence from culture-based studies that HS is associated with dysbiosis, Guet-Revillet et al [59] employed both culture and metagenomic techniques to comprehensively characterise the cutaneous microbiome in HS.…”

Section: The Benefits Of 16s Rrna Sequencing and Metagenomic Approachesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of the Cutaneous Microbiome in Hidradenitis Suppurativa—Light at the End of the Microbiological Tunnel

Langan

Recke

Bokor-Billmann

et al. 2020

IJMS

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The development of next generation sequencing, coupled with advances in bio-informatics, has provided new insights into the role of the cutaneous microbiome in the pathophysiology of a range of inflammatory skin diseases. In fact, it has even been suggested that the identification of specific skin microbial signatures may not only be useful in terms of diagnosis of skin diseases but they may also ultimately help inform personalised treatment strategies. To date, research investigating the role of microbiota in the development of inflammatory skin diseases has largely focused on atopic eczema and psoriasis vulgaris. The role of the microbiome in Hidradenits suppurativa (HS)-also known as acne inversa-a chronic auto-inflammatory skin disease associated with significant morbidity, has received comparatively little attention. This is despite the fact that antimicrobial therapy plays a central role in the treatment of HS. After briefly outlining the clinical features of HS and current treatment strategies, we move on to review the evidence of microbial dysbiosis in HS pathophysiology. We conclude by outlining the potential for metagenomic studies to deepen our understanding of HS biology but more importantly to identify novel and much needed treatment strategies.scoring and the HS severity index. Whilst the precise incidence and prevalence of HS is unclear [8], due partly to the diagnostic difficulty associated with HS and the use of both registry data and self-report questionnaires [9]. Garg et al. reported a prevalence of 0.1% in a US-based population analysis, leading the authors to conclude that HS is an uncommon but not rare disease, with over-representation in young, female and African American patients [10]. The current multi-modal treatment approach includes the use of intralesional steroids, surgical and laser therapy, topical and systemic medical antimicrobial therapy and biologic treatments [11].Sartorius scoring and the HS severity index. Whilst the precise incidence and prevalence of HS is unclear [8], due partly to the diagnostic difficulty associated with HS and the use of both registry data and self-report questionnaires [9]. Garg et al. reported a prevalence of 0.1% in a US-based population analysis, leading the authors to conclude that HS is an uncommon but not rare disease, with over-representation in young, female and African American patients [10]. The current multi-modal treatment approach includes the use of intralesional steroids, surgical and laser therapy, topical and systemic medical antimicrobial therapy and biologic treatments [11].

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Section: The Benefits Of 16s Rrna Sequencing and Metagenomic Approachesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of the Cutaneous Microbiome in Hidradenitis Suppurativa—Light at the End of the Microbiological Tunnel

Langan

Recke

Bokor-Billmann

et al. 2020

IJMS

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“…This surface is mainly colonized by diverse groups of bacteria, though intriguingly, fungal members of the skin microbiota are dominated by a single family-Malassezia (Findley et al, 2013;Grice and Dawson, 2017). While Malassezia is less abundant than skin bacteria, it has much larger biomass that allows functional significance (Ramasamy et al, 2019). This basidiomycete which mainly exists in the yeast form is highly prevalent in sebaceous areas such as scalp, back and facial skin (Prohic et al, 2016;Jo et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Malassezia furfur Secreted Aspartyl Protease 1 (MfSAP1) and Its Role in Extracellular Matrix Degradation

Poh

Goh

Fan

et al. 2020

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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Malassezia is the most abundant eukaryotic microbial genus on human skin. Similar to many human-residing fungi, Malassezia has high metabolic potential and secretes a plethora of hydrolytic enzymes that can potentially modify and structure the external skin environment. Here we show that the dominant secreted Malassezia protease isolated from cultured Malassezia furfur is an aspartyl protease that is secreted and active at all phases of culture growth. We observed that this protease, herein named as MfSAP1 (M. furfur secreted aspartyl protease 1) has a broader substrate cleavage profile and higher catalytic efficiency than the previously reported protease homolog in Malassezia globosa. We demonstrate that MfSAP1 is capable of degrading a wide range of human skin associated extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins and ECM isolated directly from keratinocytes and fibroblasts. Using a 3-D wound model with primary keratinocytes grown on human de-epidermized dermis, we show that MfSAP1 protease can potentially interfere with wound re-epithelization in an acute wound model. Taken together, our work demonstrates that Malassezia proteases have host-associated substrates and play important roles in cutaneous wound healing.

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“…In this issue, Ramasamy and colleagues illustrate a much more complex picture . They summarize the state‐of‐the‐art findings of the role of skin microbiota in acne.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After reading the article it becomes evident that because of the biological complexity of the microbiome at the sebaceous gland level, the technical difficulties in getting a picture of this situation in situ , the changing composition of the microbial community and the possible shift from a commensal to a pathogen, that there are no clear answers but much space for speculation. The authors conclude by stating that ‘acne is the result of a complex interplay between the microbiome and the host, and not the singular effect of any specific microbe or event’ …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%