The role of the CD27/CD70 signalling pathway in development of systemic inflammatory response in patients with influenza A/H1N1 virus-associated pneumonia

Abstract

Aim of study. To evaluate the role of the CD27/CD70 signalling pathway in development of systemic inflammatory response in patients with pneumonia associated with influenza A (H1N1). Material and methods. A total of 85 patients with pneumonia associated with influenza A (H1N1) were examined. Among them, 30 patients had severe pneumonia and 55 patients had non-severe pneumonia. The patients’ age was 48±15 years. Men accounted for 47.8% and women 52.2% of the sample. The exclusion criteria were: unstable haemodynamics, BMI>30, diabetes mellitus, HIV, tuberculosis, oncopathology. The control group was constituted by 15 healthy donors. The diagnosis of influenza A (H1N1) was confirmed by a positive PCR test. The CURB / CRB-65 scales were used to diagnose and assess the severity of pneumonia; SMART-COP as well as the Federal Clinical Guidelines of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation «Community-acquired pneumonia in adults» 2019 and the IDSA / ATS criteria (in the presence of one «major» or three «minor» criteria, the pneumonia was regarded as «severe»). The plasma level of CD27 was evaluated via flow cytometry using the Beckman Coulter analyser (USA) using the LEGENDplex™ HU Immune Checkpoint Panel 1 Beckman Coulter (USA) kit for multiplex analysis. Results. It has been established that the plasma level of CD27 increased 1.8-fold in patients with severe pneumonia and underlying influenza A (H1N1) and 1.5-fold in patients with non-severe pneumonia compared to the control group, which is associated with the severity of the condition and the mortality rate. Conclusion. The CD27/CD70 signalling pathway is actively involved in the cascade of innate and adaptive immunity reactions in patients with pneumonia associated with influenza A (H1N1). CD27 activity is associated with the severity of the disease and the increase in mortality