The role of sympathectomy on the regulation of basilar artery volume changes in stenoocclusive carotid artery modeling after bilateral common carotid artery ligation: an animal model

Eşeoğlu, Metehan; Yılmaz, İlhan; Karalar, Mustafa; Aydın, Mehmet Dumlu; Kayacı, Selim; Gündoğdu, Cemal; Günaldı, Ömür; Onen, Mehmet Resit

doi:10.1007/s00701-014-1994-z

Cited by 14 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…High neuron density in stellate ganglia may protect against steno-occlusive carotid artery disease by preventing BA dilatation and aneurysm formation in the posterior circulatory arteries (7). Sympathetic hyperactivity of superior cervical ganglia prevents the severity of dilatation of basilar arteries after bilateral common carotid artery ligation (BCCAL) (8). BCCAL may lead to important beneficial and hazardous histomorphological changes at the posterior communicating artery.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bilateral Arteria Carotis Communis Ligasyonu Sonrası Arteria Basilaris’te Gözüken Morfohistopatolojik Değişikliklere Cinsiyetin Etkisi: Deneysel Çalışma

Öztürk¹,

Nalcı²,

Malkoç

et al. 2020

Medical Records

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Steno-occlusive carotid artery disease causes increased pressure, retrograde blood flow, luminal enlargement, vascular wall thinning, elongation, convolutions, vascular re-modelization, and aneurysm formation in basilar arteries. We investigated if gender affects the severity of histomorphologic alterations of basilar arteries after bilateral common carotid artery ligation. Material and Methods: This study was conducted on 7 male and 7 female rabbits. Two of both male and female rabbits were used as a control group and the remaining were used as the study group. Permanent ligation of the common carotid arteries from just proximal of bifurcation was performed to replicate steno-occlusive carotid artery disease. Basilar artery volumes were measured by stereological methods after the sacrifice of the animals at the end of the 3rd week. Results were compared Mann-Witney U test between groups. Results: Luminal enlargement, wall thinning, elongation, convolutions, and doligoectatic configurations were detected in the majority of basilar arteries. The mean basilar arterial volume values were estimated as male rabbits were 3.65 ± 0.35 mm3 in control and 4.96 ± 0.99 mm3 in the study group. The mean basilar arterial volume values were estimated as female rabbits were 3.97 ± 0.40 mm3 in control and 6.32 ± 1.13 mm3 in the study group. The severity of basilar enlargement was significantly higher in the female rabbits compared with the male rabbits (p < 0.01). Conclusion: Bilateral common carotid artery ligation causes more severe luminal enlargement, wall thinning, elongation, convolution, and aneurysm formation in female rabbits than males.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bilateral Arteria Carotis Communis Ligasyonu Sonrası Arteria Basilaris’te Gözüken Morfohistopatolojik Değişikliklere Cinsiyetin Etkisi: Deneysel Çalışma

Öztürk¹,

Nalcı²,

Malkoç

et al. 2020

Medical Records

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“…(4–6) In one of our recent studies we reported widespread vascular remodeling including extensive arterial expansion, aneurysmal bulging, and severe vascular tortuosity throughout the rabbit CoW at 5 days and 6 months after bilateral CCA ligation. (5) In a follow-up study, we further investigated the effect of additional aneurysm risk factors (hypertension and estrogen deficiency) on the development of these vascular changes in the rabbit and demonstrated more widespread aneurysmal changes and more sever tortuosity at 6 months compared to CCA ligation alone.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(5) In a follow-up study, we further investigated the effect of additional aneurysm risk factors (hypertension and estrogen deficiency) on the development of these vascular changes in the rabbit and demonstrated more widespread aneurysmal changes and more sever tortuosity at 6 months compared to CCA ligation alone. (6) Furthermore, Eseoglu et al(4) explored the role of the sympathetic nervous system on BA remodeling by using the rabbit bilateral CCA ligation model and observed flattening of the inner elastic membrane and dilation of the BA at 2 months. Noting the similarities between these aneurysmal changes and BT aneurysm formation (IEL damage and bulging), we suspect that CCA ligation also produces aneurysm-initiating hemodynamics (high WSS and positive WSSG) at many locations in the rabbit CoW in addition to BT.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessment of Vascular Geometry for Bilateral Carotid Artery Ligation to Induce Early Basilar Terminus Aneurysmal Remodeling in Rats

Tutino¹,

Liaw²,

Spernyak³

et al. 2016

CNR

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Bilateral common carotid artery (CCA) ligation in rabbits is a model for basilar terminus (BT) aneurysm formation. We asked if this model could be replicated in rats. Fourteen female Sprague Dawley rats underwent bilateral CCA ligation (n=8) or sham surgery (n=6). After 7 days, 5 ligated and 3 sham rats were euthanized for histological evaluation of BT aneurysm formation, while the remaining rats were imaged with magnetic resonance angiography, euthanized, and subjected to corrosion casting of the Circle of Willis (CoW). 3D micro computed tomography images of CoW casts were used for flow simulations at the rat BT, and electron micrographs of the casts were analyzed for aneurysmal and morphological changes. Results from these analyses were compared to rabbit model data (n=10 ligated and n=6 sham). Bilateral CCA ligation did not produce aneurysmal damage at the rat BT. While the surgical manipulation increased rat basilar artery flow, fluid dynamics simulations showed that the initial hemodynamic stress at the rat BT was significantly less than in rabbits. Rats also exhibited fewer morphological and pathological changes (minor changes only occurred in the posterior CoW) than rabbits, which had drastic changes throughout the CoW. A comparison of CoW anatomies demonstrated a greater number of branching arteries at the BT, larger CoW arteries in relation to basilar artery, and a steeper BT bifurcation angle in the rat. These differences could account for the lower hemodynamic stress at the BT and in the cerebrovasculature of the rat. In conclusion, bilateral CCA ligation in rats does not recapitulate the rabbit model of early flow-induced BT aneurysm. We suspect that the different CoW morphology of the rat lessens hemodynamic insults, thereby diminishing flow-induced aneurysmal remodeling.

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“…Complications that may develop during the operation include esophagus perforations, vessel-nerve injuries, cerebral ischemias secondary to long-lasting excessive retraction of the carotid artery, lesion of the sympathetic plexus in the carotid artery wall, vocal cord paralysis secondary to recurrent laryngeal nerve traumas, and injuries to the medulla spinalis, dura mater, and the roots. [ 11 12 13 14 15 16 ] Postoperative complications are dislocations of the cage, neighboring segment syndrome, and infections. These types of complications are not observed in operations performed through posterior cervical laminoforaminotomy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cervical disc hernia operations through posterior laminoforaminotomy

Yolaş

Özdemir²,

Okay

et al. 2016

J Craniovert Jun Spine

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Objective:The most common used technique for posterolateral cervical disc herniations is anterior approach. However, posterior cervical laminotoforaminomy can provide excellent results in appropriately selected patients with foraminal stenosis in either soft disc prolapse or cervical spondylosis. The purpose of this study was to present the clinical outcomes following posterior laminoforaminotomy in patients with radiculopathy.Materials and Methods:We retrospectively evaluated 35 patients diagnosed with posterolateral cervical disc herniation and cervical spondylosis with foraminal stenosis causing radiculopathy operated by the posterior cervical keyhole laminoforaminotomy between the years 2010 and 2015.Results:The file records and the radiographic images of the 35 patients were assessed retrospectively. The mean age was 46.4 years (range: 34-66 years). Of the patients, 19 were males and 16 were females. In all of the patients, the neurologic deficit observed was radiculopathy. The posterolaterally localized disc herniations and the osteophytic structures were on the left side in 18 cases and on the right in 17 cases. In 10 of the patients, the disc level was at C5-6, in 18 at C6-7, in 2 at C3-4, in 2 at C4-5, in 1 at C7-T1, in 1 patient at both C5-6 and C6-7, and in 1 at both C4-5 and C5-6. In 14 of these 35 patients, both osteophytic structures and protruded disc herniation were present. Intervertebral foramen stenosis was present in all of the patients with osteophytes. Postoperatively, in 31 patients the complaints were relieved completely and four patients had complaints of neck pain and paresthesia radiating to the arm (the success of operation was 88.5%). On control examinations, there was no finding of instability or cervical kyphosis.Conclusion:Posterior cervical laminoforaminotomy is an alternative appropriate choice in both cervical soft disc herniations and cervical stenosis.

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The role of sympathectomy on the regulation of basilar artery volume changes in stenoocclusive carotid artery modeling after bilateral common carotid artery ligation: an animal model

Cited by 14 publications

References 22 publications

Bilateral Arteria Carotis Communis Ligasyonu Sonrası Arteria Basilaris’te Gözüken Morfohistopatolojik Değişikliklere Cinsiyetin Etkisi: Deneysel Çalışma

Bilateral Arteria Carotis Communis Ligasyonu Sonrası Arteria Basilaris’te Gözüken Morfohistopatolojik Değişikliklere Cinsiyetin Etkisi: Deneysel Çalışma

Assessment of Vascular Geometry for Bilateral Carotid Artery Ligation to Induce Early Basilar Terminus Aneurysmal Remodeling in Rats

Cervical disc hernia operations through posterior laminoforaminotomy

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