The role of sulfur in chemical weathering and atmospheric CO2 fluxes: Evidence from major ions, δ13CDIC, and δ34SSO4 in rivers of the Canadian Cordillera

Spence, Jody; Telmer, Kevin

doi:10.1016/j.gca.2005.07.011

Cited by 222 publications

(160 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…Of course, the calculated results might over-or underestimate the contribution from oxidation of sulfide and gypsum since we ignored anthropogenic sources in the calculations, due to their assumed relatively minor contribution. Ultimately, the calculated contribution of sulfate from the oxidation of sulfide in the Hongshui River is in agreement with previous studies in Spence and Telmer (2005);Calmels et al (2007) and Li et al (2011aLi et al ( , b, 2014. These studies suggest that high proportions of sulfate are derived from the oxidation of sulfide in various riverine systems.…”

supporting

confidence: 91%

“…Previous studies have suggested that sulfuric acid is an important weathering agent for rock weathering in various basins, due to the wide distribution of sulfide minerals over the Earth's surface (Spence and Telmer 2005;Calmels et al 2007;Li et al 2008Li et al , 2011aLi et al , b, 2014. Oxidation of sulfide minerals produces acid, and the acid reacts with rock, especially carbonates.…”

Section: Implications For the Carbonate Weathering Budgetmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sulfate sources constrained by sulfur and oxygen isotopic compositions in the upper reaches of the Xijiang River, China

Liu

Zhong

et al. 2017

Acta Geochim

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While it is critical to accurately understand the sources and transformation of sulfate based on time-series analysis, there are limited studies on temporal variation of sulfate in rivers and on rock weathering by sulfuric acids. We conducted a monthly sampling campaign in the Beipan, Nanpan, and Hongshui Rivers over the course of one hydrological year. This study examined seasonal variations in riverine sulfate impacted by the monsoon climate in the upper reaches of the Xijiang River basin. In general, the SO 4 2-contents in these rivers dropped from relatively high levels to low values during the high-flow season, in response to increasing discharge. The sulfate was generally enriched in heavy isotopes during the low-flow season compared to the high-flow season. The calculated results indicate that the riverine sulfate was mainly derived from sulfide oxidation, but that evaporite dissolution could be an important source during the low-flow season, based on isotopic evidence. Mine drainage is likely an important source of sulfate to these rivers during the high-flow season due to contributions from fast surface flow, which responds to frequent heavy rain in monsoonal climate regions. A relatively high proportion of HCO 3 -was found to be derived from rock weathering by sulfuric acid during the high-flow season when compared to that observed during the low-flow season. The results suggest that approximately one quarter of the HCO 3 -in the Hongshui River originated from carbonate weathering by sulfuric acid derived from the oxidation of sulfide. Such information on the specific dual isotopic characteristics of riverine sulfate throughout a hydrological year can provide unique evidence for understanding the temporal variability of sulfate concentrations and weathering processes in rivers.

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supporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Implications For the Carbonate Weathering Budgetmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sulfate sources constrained by sulfur and oxygen isotopic compositions in the upper reaches of the Xijiang River, China

Liu

Zhong

et al. 2017

Acta Geochim

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“…With the higher HCO 3 -concentrations found throughout the remainder of the season the δ 13 C TDIC values were maintained between -4.4 and -1.5‰. These values are high: considerably higher than those typical of drainage waters in temperate regions (usually <-6‰), and at the upper end of ranges reported for water from glaciated catchments (Aucour et al 1999;Telmer and Veizer, 1999;Wadham et al 2004;Spence and Telmer, 2005 to -0.7‰, slightly lower than the snowpack (-0.3‰).…”

Section: Chemistrymentioning

confidence: 78%

“…The sulfuric acid produced by the above oxidation of reduced sulfur has often been cited as having a significant influence on carbonate dissolution in glacial systems or other areas with high rates of water-rock interaction (Spence and Telmer, 2005):…”

Section: Carbonate Solutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical and isotopic characteristics of weathering and nitrogen release in non-glacial drainage waters on Arctic tundra

Tye

Heaton

2007

Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta

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Soil-water interactions in coastal tundra soils are a potential source of nutrients for surrounding fjordal and coastal ecosystems. Changes in water chemistry and stable isotope composition from 3 streams in west Spitsbergen were examined to assess the sources and losses of nitrogen, sulfur and carbon in thin organic tundra soils overlying sediments. Studies were undertaken from snowmelt (mid June) through to the end of the summer (

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“…3 Frequency distribution of stable isotope ratios of sulfur in freshwater sulfate, freshwater prey, freshwater fish, marine fish, marine zoo plankton and marine water sulfate obtained from the literature (Ault and Kulp 1959;Thode et al 1961;Hartmann and Nielsen 1964;Sasaki 1972;Gormly and Sackett 1977;Rees et al 1978;Fry 1983;Nriagu and Soon 1985;Peterson et al 1985;Fuller et al 1986;Fry 1988;Hesslein et al 1988Hesslein et al , 1991Krouse and Herbert 1988;Nriagu et al 1991;Andersson et al 1992;Caron et al 1996;Yang et al 1996;MacAvoy et al 1998;Chanton and Lewis 1999;Doucett et al 1999a, b;Power et al 2002;Weber et al 2002;Spence and (Fig. 4).…”

Section: Countmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sulfur isotopes in otoliths allow discrimination of anadromous and non-anadromous ecotypes of sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka)

et al. 2010

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Oncorhynchus nerka occur both as anadromous sockeye salmon that spend most of their life in the ocean, and as non-anadromous kokanee salmon that remain in fresh water their entire lives. We assessed whether stable isotopes of sulfur (δ 34 S) in otoliths could be used to distinguish sockeye salmon and kokanee ecotypes that are otherwise difficult to identify when they share a common freshwater rearing environment. We also investigated the chemical link between salmon and their diet by measuring δ 34 S in various fish tissues (eggs, muscle, scales) and zooplankton. δ 34 S (mean±SE) in sockeye salmon eggs (18.7±0.4‰) and marine zooplankton (20.5±0.1‰) were enriched by 10-14‰ compared with kokanee eggs and freshwater zooplankton. δ 34 S in the otolith cores of sockeye salmon (19.2±0.7‰) and kokanee salmon (5.3±1.1‰) were similar to δ 34 S in marine and freshwater zooplankton, respectively, indicating that the core is derived from maternal yolk tissue and reflects the maternal diet. δ 34 S in the freshwater growth zone of otoliths did not differ significantly between sockeye (5.9±1.1‰) and kokanee salmon (4.4± 1.2‰), and was similar to freshwater zooplankton. The mean difference between δ 34 S in the otolith core and first year of growth was 13.3±1.4‰ for sockeye and 0.65±1.3‰ for kokanee salmon. A quadratic discriminant function developed from measurements of δ 34 S in otoliths of known maternal origin provided perfect classification rates in cross-validation tests. Thus, sulfur isotope ratios in otoliths are effective in discriminating between anadromous and nonanadromous ecotypes of O. nerka.

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The role of sulfur in chemical weathering and atmospheric CO2 fluxes: Evidence from major ions, δ13CDIC, and δ34SSO4 in rivers of the Canadian Cordillera

Cited by 222 publications

References 70 publications

Sulfate sources constrained by sulfur and oxygen isotopic compositions in the upper reaches of the Xijiang River, China

Sulfate sources constrained by sulfur and oxygen isotopic compositions in the upper reaches of the Xijiang River, China

Chemical and isotopic characteristics of weathering and nitrogen release in non-glacial drainage waters on Arctic tundra

Sulfur isotopes in otoliths allow discrimination of anadromous and non-anadromous ecotypes of sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka)

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