The role of substrate preheating on the microstructure, roughness, and mechanical performance of AISI 316L produced by directed energy deposition additive manufacturing

Moheimani, Seyed Kiomars; Iuliano, Luca; Saboori, Abdollah

doi:10.1007/s00170-021-08564-4

Cited by 17 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…However, homogeneous values for hardness measurement could be obtained throughout the EPH bulk, which can be attributed to the homogeneous microstructure generated by the slow cooling during elevated temperature baseplate heating. A similar trend of the hardness measurement was also reported by Moheimani et al [30].…”

Section: Hardnesssupporting

confidence: 89%

“…In contrast, for samples produced by elevated temperature baseplate preheating of 600 °C, smaller amounts of columnar grains but large amounts of coarser equiaxed grains are found in the first deposited layer due to the lower cooling rate and G/R ratio, as shown in Figure 10b. The importance of the effect of baseplate preheating on the cooling rate and consequently the microstructure of the first few layers in the baseplate transition region was The importance of the effect of baseplate preheating on the cooling rate and consequently the microstructure of the first few layers in the baseplate transition region was also noted by Moheimani et al [30], who confirmed the formation of the different microstructures near the baseplate and along the building direction. Heat starts to accumulate in the deposit structure due to the repeated scanning cycles of the laser.…”

Section: Microstructure Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 62%

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Elevated Temperature Baseplate Effect on Microstructure, Mechanical Properties, and Thermal Stress Evaluation by Numerical Simulation for Austenite Stainless Steel 316L Fabricated by Directed Energy Deposition

et al. 2022

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In the present study, the effect of material deposition at the elevated temperature baseplate on the microstructure and mechanical properties was investigated and correlated to the unique thermal history by using numerical simulation. Numerical results agreed well with the experimental results of microstructure and mechanical properties. Numerical results revealed a significant decrease in temperature gradient and a 40% decrease in thermal stress due to material deposition on the elevated temperature baseplate. The reduced thermal stress and temperature gradient resulted in coarser grain features, which in turn led to a decrease in hardness and tensile strength, especially for the bottom region near the baseplate. Meanwhile, no significant effect could be found for ductility. In addition, an elevated temperature baseplate promoted less heterogeneity in hardness and tensile properties along the building direction. The current work demonstrates a collective and direct understanding of the baseplate preheating effect on thermal stress, microstructure and mechanical properties and their correlations, which is believed beneficial for the better utilization of baseplate preheating positive effects.

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Section: Hardnesssupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Microstructure Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 62%

Elevated Temperature Baseplate Effect on Microstructure, Mechanical Properties, and Thermal Stress Evaluation by Numerical Simulation for Austenite Stainless Steel 316L Fabricated by Directed Energy Deposition

et al. 2022

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“…Table 4 summarises the solidification mode and resultant microstructure of some austenitic stainless steels produced by the DED process under different conditions [40,[106][107][108][109][110][111][112][113][114][115][116][117][118][119][120][121][122]. In these studies, a precise determination of microstructure constituents, e.g.…”

Section: Solidification Mode Of Stainless Steels Produced By the Dedmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Systematic studies on the type 316L DED builds recognised austenite as the primary solidifying phase (A and AF modes) [106][107][108][109][110][111][112][113][114][115][116][117][118][119][125][126][127][128][129][130][131][132][133][134][135][136]. A series of builds represented austenitic microstructures with none or negligible amounts of ferrite [109,112,115,117,118,[130][131][132][133].…”

Section: Solidification Mode Of Stainless Steels Produced By the Dedmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Solidification behaviour of austenitic stainless steels during welding and directed energy deposition

Nedjad

Yıldız

Saboori

2022

Science and Technology of Welding and Joining

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The effect of cooling rate on the solidification behaviour of austenitic stainless steels during high energy density welding and directed energy deposition (DED) has been reviewed. Precedent studies demonstrated the confinement of austenite-ferrite duplex region and the susceptibility of specific alloy compositions on the Schaeffler diagram to alteration of solidification mode at high cooling rates during the high energy density welding. Meanwhile, mitigated cooling conditions have dominated during the DED process. The instances of microstructural fluctuations owing to cooling rate variation have been compiled. The incorporation of DED steels into the implicated Schaeffler diagrams demonstrated reliable predictions at high cooling rates. The printability of austenitic stainless steels during the DED process has been discussed in terms of solidification cracking susceptibility.

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Emerging trends in large format additive manufacturing processes and hybrid techniques

Vanerio,

Guagliano,

Bagherifard

2024

Prog Addit Manuf

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Large format additive manufacturing (LFAM) technologies are rapidly growing with significant potential for application in multiple technological sectors like aerospace, tooling, automotive, marine, construction, and energy. LFAM processes offer significant advantages including reduced lead time, cost, and material waste, which are further amplified due to the increased volume of the components. This review paper focuses on LFAM technologies with the highest technology readiness level, i.e., metal Directed Energy Deposition (DED), polymer extrusion, and solid-state deposition (i.e. cold spray additive manufacturing (CSAM)). Common system setups, the maximum deposition rate, and the range of processable materials, along with the achievable mechanical properties and geometrical characteristics, are outlined for each technology, both in individual and hybrid manufacturing formats. The main technological challenges are gathered and discussed to highlight the areas that require further development. Finally, the current industrial applications for LFAM technologies and the expected future developments are outlined. This review provides an overview of LFAM technologies’ current status and discusses their potential in improving the manufacturing of complex and large geometries, with a significant reduction in material and energy consumption, while ensuring high-quality and high-performance components.

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The role of substrate preheating on the microstructure, roughness, and mechanical performance of AISI 316L produced by directed energy deposition additive manufacturing

Cited by 17 publications

References 64 publications

Elevated Temperature Baseplate Effect on Microstructure, Mechanical Properties, and Thermal Stress Evaluation by Numerical Simulation for Austenite Stainless Steel 316L Fabricated by Directed Energy Deposition

Elevated Temperature Baseplate Effect on Microstructure, Mechanical Properties, and Thermal Stress Evaluation by Numerical Simulation for Austenite Stainless Steel 316L Fabricated by Directed Energy Deposition

Solidification behaviour of austenitic stainless steels during welding and directed energy deposition

Emerging trends in large format additive manufacturing processes and hybrid techniques

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