The role of silvicultural systems and forest types in preventing soil erosion processes in mountain forests: a methodological approach using cesium-137 measurements

Altieri, Valeria; Franco, Silvio De; Lombardi, Fabio; Marziliano, Pasquale A.; Menguzzato, Giuliano; Porto, Paolo

doi:10.1007/s11368-018-1957-8

Cited by 29 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…derived from local case studies (Imaizumi et al 2008, Moos et al 2016, Altieri et al 2018. Torrential events occur through hydrological transport of soil and debris from slopes, and their deposition in valley bottoms which are frequently settled by humans in the Alps.…”

Section: Predictor Domainsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of forest cover and disturbance on torrential hazards: large-scale evidence from the Eastern Alps

Sebald

Senf

Heiser

et al. 2019

Environ. Res. Lett.

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Global human population growth, limited space for settlements and a booming tourism industry have led to a strong increase of human infrastructure in mountain regions. As this infrastructure is highly exposed to natural hazards, a main role of mountain forests is to regulate the environment and reduce hazard probability. However, canopy disturbances are increasing in many parts of the world, potentially threatening the protection function of forests. Yet, large-scale quantitative evidence on the influence of forest cover and disturbance on natural hazards remains scarce to date. Here we quantified the effects of forest cover and disturbance on the probability and frequency of torrential hazards for 10 885 watersheds in the Eastern Alps. Torrential hazard occurrences were derived from a comprehensive database documenting 3768 individual debris flow and flood events between 1986 and 2018. Forest disturbances were mapped from Landsat satellite time series analysis. We found evidence that forests reduce the probability of natural hazards, with a 25 percentage point increase in forest cover decreasing the probability of torrential hazards by 8.7%±1.2%. Canopy disturbances generally increased the probability of torrential hazard events, with the regular occurrence of large disturbance events being the most detrimental disturbance regime for natural hazards. Disturbances had a bigger effect on debris flows than on flood events, and press disturbances were more detrimental than pulse disturbances. We here present the first large scale quantification of forest cover and disturbance effects on torrential hazards. Our findings highlight that forests constitute important green infrastructure in mountain landscapes, efficiently reducing the probability of natural hazards, but that increasing forest disturbances can weaken the protective function of forests.

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Section: Predictor Domainsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of forest cover and disturbance on torrential hazards: large-scale evidence from the Eastern Alps

Sebald

Senf

Heiser

et al. 2019

Environ. Res. Lett.

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“…Неконтролируемый перенос воды, минеральных и органических веществ является неблагоприятным следствием стандартного природопользования в различных экосистемах. Именно потому необходимо срочно разработать оптимальные варианты защиты и сбережения почвы (Altieri et al, 2018).…”

Section: рис 2 трансформация Npp сельского хозяйства на территории unclassified

“…Government programs: real or nominal tool for managing the economy? Economist, 6: 20-27 Altieri et al, 2018-Altieri V., De Franco S., Lombardi F., Marziliano P.A., Menguzzato G., Porto P. (2018. The role of silvicultural systems and forest types in preventing soil erosion processes in mountain forests: a methodological approach using cesium-137 measurements.…”

Section: литератураmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nature-Similar Technologies of the Biogeosystem Technique in Solving a Global Social and Environmental Problem

2018

Biogeosystem Technique

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Soil fertility is associated with the soil health, which determines the environment-forming (ecological) functions of the terrestrial-soil ecosystem-biological quality of products, and minimized eco-and sociosphere eco-toxic load. In the current conflict of the biosphere and technogenesis, it is important to avoid the increasing evolutionary risks associated primarily with the negative consequences of the global socio-environmental problem. For this a predictable coevolution of technosphere (noosphere) and biosphere is the most acceptable wayout. In this regard, the development of fundamentally new nature-similar solutions and technologies in relation to balance-pools, drivers, fluxes-of the most important biophilic elements (carbon and other) is relevant. Today, the ability to control the carbon cycle in agrosphere is very limited. In addition, the data on this balance calculated via different models differ significantly. Apparently, it is most realistic to intensify carbon sink into the terrestrial-soil ecosystem. The technological potential for Balance enrichment of C capture and storage (BECCS) currently looks truncated due to traditional approach to ecosphere management. The nutrients (in particular, nitrogen) that are introduced into the soil in large quantities are largely eliminated from the root layer due to leaching and/or volatilization. In general, the agrogeochemical balance of NPK in the soils of Russia is very unfavorable, largely due to the systematic surplus exports of mineral fertilizers abroad. With the soil improvement and optimization of the most important crops mineral nutrition, the country in the nearest future can become a leader of the food exporters. It is necessary to rethink the interaction of socium with biosphere as well as with most important component of biosphere, the pedosphere. As a new development paradigm, "Biogeosystem Technique" was proposedan innovative scientific and technological direction as a framework of nature-similar algorithms, technologies and technical solutions. One of this is a soil aggregates and biogeochemical cycle management in order to create the nature-similar biogeosystems with transcendental properties. The principle proposed of soil reclamation via the milling of illuvial horizon (layer 20-45 cm), which ensures the growth of agrocenosis productivity and achieving the consistently high economic indicators for a long period. A new nature-similar water strategy of Biogeosystem Technique is proposed-the intra-soil continual-discrete humidification paradigm. In the supply phase, water is

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“…Gebauer et al [17] observed that stand-level canopy transpiration was not higher in mixed broad-leaved forests than in pure European beech stands and that the spatial complementarity in root water uptake of mixed-species stands could be masked by edaphic conditions preventing the vertical stratification of species-specific root systems. An increase in the frequency and severity of drought events, as predicted for the coming decades [18,19], will have dramatic implications for the resilience of Mediterranean mountain ecosystems, particularly in the case of forest stands with a simplified vertical structure [20]. Indeed, species-specific functional traits and allometric relations can be more important for stand water use than tree species diversity per se.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tree Growth and Wood Quality in Pure Vs. Mixed-Species Stands of European Beech and Calabrian Pine in Mediterranean Mountain Forests

Russo

Marziliano

Macrì

et al. 2019

Forests

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Mixed-species forests may deliver more forest functions and services than monocultures, as being considered more resistant to disturbances than pure stands. However, information on wood quality in mixed-species vs. corresponding pure forests is poor. In this study, nine plots grouped into three triplets of pure and mixed-species stands of European beech and Calabrian pine (three dominated by European beech, three dominated by Calabrian pine, and three mixed-species plots) were analysed. We evaluated tree growth and wood quality through dendrochronological approaches and non-destructive technologies (acoustic detection), respectively, hypothesizing that the mixture might improve the fitness of each species and its wood quality. A linear mixed model was applied to test the effects of exogenous influences on the basal area index (BAI) and the dynamic modulus of elasticity (MOEd). The recruitment period (Rp) was studied to verify whether wood quality was independent from stem radial growth patterns. Results showed that the mixture effect influenced both wood quality and BAI. In the mixed-species plots, for each species, MOEd values were significantly higher than in the corresponding pure stands. The mixture effect aligned MOEd values, making wood quality uniform across the different diameter classes. In the mixed-species plots, a significant positive relationship between MOEd and Rp, but also significantly higher BAI values than in the pure plots, were found for European beech, but not for Calabrian pine. The results suggest the promotion of mixing of European beech and Calabrian pine in this harsh environment to potentially improve both tree growth and wood quality.

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The role of silvicultural systems and forest types in preventing soil erosion processes in mountain forests: a methodological approach using cesium-137 measurements

Cited by 29 publications

References 39 publications

The effects of forest cover and disturbance on torrential hazards: large-scale evidence from the Eastern Alps

The effects of forest cover and disturbance on torrential hazards: large-scale evidence from the Eastern Alps

Nature-Similar Technologies of the Biogeosystem Technique in Solving a Global Social and Environmental Problem

Tree Growth and Wood Quality in Pure Vs. Mixed-Species Stands of European Beech and Calabrian Pine in Mediterranean Mountain Forests

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