The role of selenium in ameliorating the impact of heat stress on growth, hormones, minerals and tibia measurements of broiler chickens

Abstract

The study was conducted to investigate the potent capacity of selenium to curtail the adverse effects of heat stress in broiler chickens. A total of 256, day old Cobb 500 broiler chicks were randomly allotted to four experimental treatments (0, 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 mgSe/kg), with four replicates in a completely randomized design. Initial weight, daily feed intake, daily weight gain, final weight, feed conversion ratio, daily water intake, feed cost/kg gain, mortality, serum cortisol and thyroxine levels, calcium, phosphorus and ash levels in tibia bone and faeces and weight, length and robusticity index of tibia bone were determined. Results indicated that Initial weight, daily feed intake, daily weight gain, final weight, feed conversion ratio, daily water intake and mortality were similar (p>0.05) across the treatment groups and feed cost/kg gain was lower in broilers birds fed 0.3 mgSe/kg. Selenium supplementation at 0.1 and 0.2 mgSe/kg lowered (p<0.05) cortisol and increased (p>0.05) thyroxine level, respectively. Mineral deposition in tibia bone was similar (p>0.05), calcium excretion was higher (p<0.05) in the control group and higher phosphorus was observed in the faeces of broilers fed the control diet, 0.1 and 0.3 mgSe/kg. Tibia measurements were similar (p>0.05) in all treatments.
 
 
 L'étude a été menée pour étudier la puissante capacité du sélénium à réduire les effets néfastes du stress thermique chez les poulets de chair. Un total de 256 poussins de poulets Cobb 500 âgés d'un jour ont été attribués au hasard à quatre traitements expérimentaux (0, 0.1, 0.2 et 0.3 mgSe / kg), avec quatre réplicats dans un plan complètement randomisé. Poids initial, apport alimentaire quotidien, gain de poids quotidien, poids final, taux de conversion alimentaire, apport quotidien en eau, coût de l'aliment / gain de kg, mortalité, taux de cortisol et de thyroxine sériques, taux de calcium, de phosphore et de cendres dans les os et les fèces du tibia et poids, la longueur et l'indice de robustesse de l'os du tibia ont été déterminés. Les résultats ont indiqué que le poids initial, l'apport alimentaire quotidien, le gain de poids quotidien, le poids final, le ratio de conversion alimentaire, l'apport quotidien en eau et la mortalité étaient similaires (p> 0.05) dans les groupes de traitement et le coût de l'alimentation / gain en kg était plus faible chez les poulets de chair nourris 0.3 mgSe / kg. Une supplémentation en sélénium à 0.1 et 0.2 mgSe / kg a abaissé (p <0.05) le cortisol et augmenté (p> 0.05) le taux de thyroxine, respectivement. Les dépôts de minéraux dans l'os du tibia étaient similaires (p> 0.05), l'excrétion de calcium était plus élevée (p <0.05) dans le groupe témoin et une plus grande quantité de phosphore a été observée dans les fèces des poulets de

Responses of Broiler Chickens Under Dexamethasone-Induced Stress with or Without Seleno Methionine and Vitamin E Supplementation

“…This is due to the birds' successful efforts to re-establish homeostasis and mitigate the effects of dexamethasone. While this is contrary to the findings of Ndubuisi et al (2021), it is in agreement with Khan et al (2014) who reported a decrease in body temperature as a response to antioxidants in broiler chickens. An increase in respiratory rate and a decrease in body temperature also validates successful heat loss by panting employed by the birds to combat heat stress.…”

Hydroxy-Selenomethionine Improves the Selenium Status and Helps to Maintain Broiler Performances under a High Stocking Density and Heat Stress Conditions through a Better Redox and Immune Response

“…Cortisol, the most important glucocorticoid, has been found to be immunosuppressive, thus inhibiting the production and actions of antibodies, the lymphocyte function and the leucocyte population [38]. A few studies have already reported the beneficial effect of Se on the plasma cortisol level of heat-stressed broilers [39]. However, to the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that has shown a significant difference between inorganic and organic forms of Se.…”

“…Thus, maintaining an optimal Se status in the body helps to effectively regulate the synthesis of thyroid hormones and restores body homeostasis, particularly under specific physiological conditions and under pathological or environmental stimuli, when the synthesis and regulation of thyroid hormones may be impaired [7,10]. As the release of cortisol into the circulatory system is a classical response to stress [39,40], and thyroid hormones (T3) are the principal determinants of the metabolic rate and heat production of a body [30,36], our observations seem to indicate that organic forms of Se, and OH-SeMet, in particular, could help animals to better adapt to such conditions.…”

Influence of dietary supplementation of selenium and vitamin E on bone morphometry and mineralization in broiler chicken under heat stress

“…However, in this study none of the bone morphometry and bone mineralization parameters were affected by supplementation of different levels of selenium and vitamin E in the diet of broiler chicken. On similar lines, the selenium supplementation was reported to have no influence on the calcium, phosphorus, and ash content of tibia bones (Ndubuisi et al 2021), however, on contrary these authors reported increased bone weight and length in broiler chicken. Similarly, selenium supplementation had no effect on the tibia bone weight but resulted in higher bone calcium percentage which indicates improved bone mineralization in response to selenium supplementation (Attia et al 2010).…”