The Role of Religious Support in Reentry

Stansfield, Richard; Mowen, Thomas J.; O’Connor, Thomas P.; Boman, John H.

doi:10.1177/0022427816657578

Cited by 45 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 71 publications

(92 reference statements)

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“…Nevertheless, to reconfirm these findings, we estimated a series of t tests that compared our target respondents with those who dropped out across the measures used in this analysis. No t value reached statistical significance, supporting the assumption that the data are missing at random as well as prior findings from SVORI primary investigators (Lattimore and Steffey, 2010;Lattimore and Visher, 2009) and researchers (Stansfield et al, 2017;Wallace et al, 2016). Furthermore, to ensure that results were not being affected by patterns of missingness, we performed an identical series of analyses to those described in the next section using full-information maximum likelihood (FIML) imputation, the preferred method of imputing missing values in cross-lagged dynamic panel data models (Moral-Benito, Williams, Allison, and Moral-Benito, 2017).…”

Section: Missing Datasupporting

confidence: 65%

The Role of Turning Points in Establishing Baseline Differences Between People in Developmental and Life‐course Criminology

Boman

Mowen

2017

Criminology

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Turning points, between-person differences, and within-person changes have all been linked to desistance from crime. Nevertheless, the means through which between- person differences are frequently captured in life-course criminology makes them intertwined with, and perhaps confounded by, turning points in life. We propose that a new way of capturing the between-person effect—the baseline between-person difference—could benefit theoretically informed tests of developmental and life-course issues in criminology. Because they occur at one time point immediately preceding a turning point in life, we demonstrate that baseline between-person differences establish meaningful theoretical connections to behavior and the way people change over time. By using panel data from the Serious and Violent Offender Reentry Initiative, we estimate models capturing within-person change and baseline between-person differences in social bonds (family support) and differential association (peer criminality) at the time of release from prison. The results demonstrate that baseline levels of family support protect people from postrelease substance use but not from crime. Baseline between- person differences and within-person changes in peer criminality, however, are robustly related to crime and substance use. Collectively, baseline between-person differences seem critical for behavior and within-person change over time, and the results carry implications for reentry-based policy as well as for theory testing in developmental criminology more broadly.

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Section: Missing Datasupporting

confidence: 65%

The Role of Turning Points in Establishing Baseline Differences Between People in Developmental and Life‐course Criminology

Boman

Mowen

2017

Criminology

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“…The titles of published studies describe analyses as examining “ violent offenders released to the community” (Braga, Piehl, and Hureau, ), “the labeling of convicted felons ” (Chiricos et al., ), “attitudes toward ex‐offenders ” (Hirschfield and Piquero, ), “re‐entry for sex offenders ” (Levenson, D'Amora, and Hern, ), “the effect of criminal background checks on hiring ex‐offenders ” (Stoll and Bushway, ), and “the effect of stigma on criminal offenders ’ functioning” (Moore, Stuewig, and Tangney, ) . Authors ask “how many [registered] sex offenders really live among us?” (Ackerman, Levenson, and Harris, : 464), hypothesize that a variable's effect “on reentry success will be partially explained by changes in an offender's family and peer support networks” (Stansfield et al., : 9), or conclude that findings highlight “both the promise and the limitations of employment programs for criminal offenders ” (Uggen, : 544).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Language of Stigmatization and the Mark of Violence: Experimental Evidence on the Social Construction and Use of Criminal Record Stigma

2017

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After years of stagnation, labeling theory has recently gained new empirical support. Simultaneously, new policy initiatives have attempted to restructure criminal record stigma to reduce reintegration barriers, and subsequent recidivism, driven by labeling. For example, in a recent Department of Justice (DOJ) language policy, person-first terms (e.g., "person with a conviction") were substituted for crime-first terms (e.g., "offender"). The Equal Employment Opportunity Commission has also issued guidelines to structure how decision-makers use criminal records. Unfortunately, little is currently known about the social construction and use of criminal record stigma or the potential effects of such policy changes. In the current study, we provide two unique empirical tests. In study 1, we examine the social construction of stigma by testing DOJ's language policy with experimental data from a nationally representative sample of American adults (N = 996). In study 2, we use a separate nationwide experiment (N = 1,540) to examine how the contextualization of criminal records influences social exclusion decisions. Across both studies, we find consistent evidence of a "mark of violence." The public perceives that individuals with violent convictions are the most likely to commit future crimes, and it is more supportive of excluding these individuals from employment. Crime-first terms exacerbate perceived recidivism risk for individuals with violent convictions.

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“…In nearly all panel studies, respondent attrition can be an issue that can bias analyses using follow‐up samples, and it is especially challenging to follow the formerly incarcerated released to their communities (Western, Braga, Hureau, & Sirois, ). Findings from several works, however, indicate that these data are missing at random, including studies conducted by the original SVORI investigators (Lattimore & Steffey, ), as well as by other researchers (Boman & Mowen, ; Stansfield, Mowen, O'Connor, & Boman, ; Wallace et al., ). Our key health variables were measured at baseline and have almost no missing data, and the ultimate reincarceration variable measured at 15 months contains no missing data.…”

Section: Data and Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additional supporting information can be found in the listing for this article in the Wiley Online Library at http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/crim.2019.57.issue-3/issuetoc. that these data are missing at random, including studies conducted by the original SVORI investigators (Lattimore & Steffey, 2010), as well as by other researchers Stansfield, Mowen, O'Connor, & Boman, 2016;Wallace et al, 2016). Our key health variables were measured at baseline and have almost no missing data, and the ultimate reincarceration variable measured at 15 months contains no missing data.…”

Section: Missing Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Consequences of mental and physical health for reentry and recidivism: Toward a health‐based model of desistance*

2019

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During the last few decades, criminologists have identified several adult roles and statuses, including employment, positive family relations, and economic stability, as critical for promoting successful reintegration and desistance. Very few researchers, however, have investigated the conditions that serve to bring about these transitions and successes crucial for behavior change. As a complement to a burgeoning amount of literature on the impact of incarceration on health, we emphasize the reverse: Health has important implications for reentry outcomes and reincarceration. Informed by multiple disciplines, we advance a health‐based model of desistance in which both mental and physical dimensions of health affect life chances in the employment and family realms and ultimately recidivism. Investigating this issue with longitudinal data from the Serious and Violent Offender Reentry Initiative (SVORI) and structural equation models, we find overall support for the health‐based model of desistance. Our results indicate several significant pathways through which both manifestations of health influence employment, family conflict, financial problems, and crime and reincarceration. The findings highlight the need for implementation of correctional and transitional policies to improve health among the incarcerated and avert health‐related reentry failures.

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The Role of Religious Support in Reentry

Cited by 45 publications

References 71 publications

The Role of Turning Points in Establishing Baseline Differences Between People in Developmental and Life‐course Criminology

The Role of Turning Points in Establishing Baseline Differences Between People in Developmental and Life‐course Criminology

The Language of Stigmatization and the Mark of Violence: Experimental Evidence on the Social Construction and Use of Criminal Record Stigma

Consequences of mental and physical health for reentry and recidivism: Toward a health‐based model of desistance*

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