The Role of Power-over-Fiber in C-RAN Fronthauling Towards 5G

Montero, D. S.; López-Cardona, J. D.; Al-Zubaidi, Fahad M. A.; Pérez, Isabel; Lallana, Pedro Contreras; Vázquez, Carmen

doi:10.1109/icton51198.2020.9203531

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The power consumption reduction in RRHs enables the use of Power over Fiber (PoF) technology to feed critical elements of the remote nodes with centralized control of the optical power supply [5]. For intsance, in [6], a 14.43 km dedicated PoF link (power signal travels alone through the fiber) to feed critical parts of RRHs is presented and analyzed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monitoring of Power Over Fiber Signals Using Intercore Crosstalk in ARoF 5G NR Transmission

Altuna,

López-Cardona,

Vázquez

2023

J. Lightwave Technol.

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Power over Fiber (PoF) needs safety and resilience operation of the infrastructure. In this paper, we propose a new crosstalk-based remote monitoring technique of PoF signals in Spatial Division Multiplexing optical networks with no additional consumption at the remote radio head (RRH).We demonstrate this technique in a 250 m 7-core Multicore Fiber (MCF) transmitting three multiplexed 256-QAM 5G NR optical signals with a total throughput of 1.8 Gbps, a low-speed communications channel between a Central Office and a Remote Radio Head (RRH), and a PoF signal delivering to feed the RRH's control board. The 5G NR optical signals are received at the RRH with EVM values within the limits stablished in the 3GPP 5G standard. The low-speed communications channel remotely manages the power supplied to a Radio Frequency Power Amplifier located at the RRH. The PoF signal is used to supply up to 131 mW to the control board of the RRH. The monitoring channel can accurately follow the optical power injected into the MCF or the optical power received at the RRH thanks to a real-time algorithm and an ad-hoc Matlab application, which also allows to control the PoF source and the low-speed communications channel.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monitoring of Power Over Fiber Signals Using Intercore Crosstalk in ARoF 5G NR Transmission

Altuna,

López-Cardona,

Vázquez

2023

J. Lightwave Technol.

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“…This includes more efficient wireless links that complement the wired infrastructure, providing seamless communication with final user devices enabling optical/wireless convergence [6,7]. The wireless segment for 6G is currently receiving high attention, and novel technologies such as THz, millilitre wave and visible light communications, integrated and free-space optics or power-over-fibre deployment as well as the use and adoption of machine learning techniques, softwarization and massive multipleinput multiple-output signalling are under active investigation to provide additional features [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14]. Notably, there is a focus on incorporating high-accuracy positioning, imaging and sensing capabilities, which are expected to play an important role for enabling services for all verticals within 6G networks.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Multiband over Spatial Division Multiplexing Sliceable Transceiver for Future Optical Networks

Nadal,

Ali,

Vílchez

et al. 2023

Future Internet

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In the last 15 years, global data traffic has been doubling approximately every 2–3 years, and there is a strong indication that this pattern will persist. Hence, also driven by the emergence of new applications and services expected within the 6G era, new transmission systems and technologies should be investigated to enhance network capacity and achieve increased bandwidth, improved spectral efficiency, and greater flexibility to effectively accommodate all the expected data traffic. In this paper, an innovative transmission solution based on multiband (MB) over spatial division multiplexing (SDM) sliceable bandwidth/bitrate variable transceiver (S-BVT) is implemented and assessed in relation to the provision of sustainable capacity scaling. MB transmission (S+C+L) over 25.4 km of 19-cores multicore fibre (MCF) is experimentally assessed and demonstrated achieving an aggregated capacity of 119.1 Gb/s at 4.62×10−3 bit error rate (BER). The proposed modular sliceable transceiver architecture arises as a suitable option towards achieving 500 Tb/s per fibre transmission, by further enabling more slices covering all the available S+C+L spectra and the 19 cores of the MCF.

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“…Additionally, SMFs offer the possibility to include other functionalities in the fronthaul segment. For example, SMFs can be used to transmit high-power optical signals to feed some parts of 5G-NR ARoF networks, e.g., low power Remote Radio Heads (RRHs) or Radio Frequency (RF) amplifiers therein [6]. This technique is called Power over Fiber (PoF), and has been integrated with RoF transmission in C-RAN based on SMFs [7,8], Multicore Fibers (MCF) [9,10,11], Multimode Fibers (MMF) [12,13], Double-Clad Fibers (DCF) [14], and in Plastic Optical Fiber (POF) for in homenetwork scenarios [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Power-Over-Fiber Impact and Chromatic-Induced Power Fading on 5G NR Signals in Analog RoF

Altuna

López-Cardona

Al-Zubaidi

et al. 2022

J. Lightwave Technol.

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In this work, we investigate the feasibility of optical powering in coexistence with radio transmission using baseband signals with 5G New Radio (5G NR) numerology with different bandwidths (BW) on Analog Radio over Fiber (ARoF) systems with single mode fibers (SMF). We focus on the impact of chromatic dispersion (CD), non-linear effects, High Power Laser (HPL) instabilities and their interactions, performing simulations and experiments. First, without Power over Fiber (PoF), we verify that increasing the BW of the 5G-NR baseband signal reduces the CD-induced power fading at the critical RF frequency with the highest extinction and the error-vector magnitude (EVM) of the received 5G-NR signal worsens. The CD-induced power fading is 10 dB smaller for 100 MHz versus 10 MHz baseband signal BWs. Then, we experimentally demonstrate the influence of a PoF signal, generated by a Raman HPL, on the transmission of 5G-NR signals in a shared scenario with co-transmission of both PoF and data signals. The CD-induced power fading at the critical RF frequency with the highest extinction is 27 dB smaller for 5G-NR signal BWs of 10 MHz and 100 MHz respectively when the HPL is set to +33dBm. This PoF signal enhances the EVM of the received 5G-NR signal to values in compliance with the standard while providing an On/Off Raman gain of 12.7 dB at 1552.8 nm data signal in a 14.43 km SMF link. For a 5G-NR signal BW of 10 MHz and a RF carrier frequency of 17GHz, the EVM improves from 31.3% to 11.6% for a HPL power of +33 dBm. For shorter distances such as 100m, HPL noise transfer does not affect the EVM of data signal.

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The Role of Power-over-Fiber in C-RAN Fronthauling Towards 5G

Cited by 5 publications

References 13 publications

Monitoring of Power Over Fiber Signals Using Intercore Crosstalk in ARoF 5G NR Transmission

Monitoring of Power Over Fiber Signals Using Intercore Crosstalk in ARoF 5G NR Transmission

The Multiband over Spatial Division Multiplexing Sliceable Transceiver for Future Optical Networks

Power-Over-Fiber Impact and Chromatic-Induced Power Fading on 5G NR Signals in Analog RoF

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