The role of positive emotions in positive psychology: The broaden-and-build theory of positive emotions.

Fredrickson, Barbara L.

doi:10.1037/0003-066x.56.3.218

Cited by 10,745 publications

(9,924 citation statements)

References 87 publications

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“…Specifically, within the placebo condition, the pride induction was associated with better performance on the LSAT relative to the neutral condition. This finding is consistent with prior work on positive emotions (see Isen, 2000), and could be driven by a broadened mindset (Fredrickson, 2001) and/or enhanced motivation (Forgas and Vargas, 2000). However, this effect was no longer observed within the OT administration condition.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…For example, some neuroendocrine products, such as the neuropeptide oxytocin (OT), may have positive effects on social behavior (e.g., Taylor et al, 2000;Zak et al, 2007). Further, there is evidence that experiencing positive emotions can improve a range of perceptual and performancebased behaviors (Fredrickson, 2001;Isen, 2000). However, research is accumulating to suggest that OT administration can be less beneficial or even detrimental in some contexts (e.g., Campbell, 2008;Shamay-Tsoory et al, 2009;De Dreu et al, 2010) and when administered at higher concentrations (e.g., Cardoso et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In particular, positive emotion inductions can broaden mind-sets (Fredrickson, 2001), resulting in more flexible, creative solutions (Isen, 2000) and improve performance on social perception tasks, analytical problem solving tasks, and decision-making (see Isen, 2000 for review;Reed and Aspinwall, 1998). These effects appear to be due, in part, to increased motivation (Forgas and Vargas, 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Combining oxytocin administration and positive emotion inductions: Examining social perception and analytical performance

Human

Thorson

Woolley

et al. 2017

Hormones and Behavior

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a b s t r a c t a r t i c l e i n f oIntranasal administration of the hypothalamic neuropeptide oxytocin (OT) has, in some studies, been associated with positive effects on social perception and cognition. Similarly, positive emotion inductions can improve a range of perceptual and performance-based behaviors. In this exploratory study, we examined how OT administration and positive emotion inductions interact in their associations with social and analytical performance. Participants (N = 124) were randomly assigned to receive an intranasal spray of OT (40 IU) or placebo and then viewed one of three videos designed to engender one of the following emotion states: social warmth, pride, or an affectively neutral state. Following the emotion induction, participants completed social perception and analytical tasks. There were no significant main effects of OT condition on social perception tasks, failing to replicate prior research, or on analytical performance. Further, OT condition and positive emotion inductions did not interact with each other in their associations with social perception performance. However, OT condition and positive emotion manipulations did significantly interact in their associations with analytical performance. Specifically, combining positive emotion inductions with OT administration was associated with worse analytical performance, with the pride induction no longer benefiting performance and the warmth induction resulting in worse performance. In sum, we found little evidence for main or interactive effects of OT on social perception but preliminary evidence that OT administration may impair analytical performance when paired with positive emotion inductions.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Combining oxytocin administration and positive emotion inductions: Examining social perception and analytical performance

Human

Thorson

Woolley

et al. 2017

Hormones and Behavior

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“…Moreover, positive affect among PLWH was negatively related to the level of depression (Li, Mo, Wu, & Lau, 2016) and slower HIV progression (Ironson & Hayward, 2008), and this effect was independent of negative affect. Employing Fredrickson’s (2001) broaden-and-build theory – in which positive emotions my enhance personal resources, well-being and psychological growth over time – Yu et al (2014) claimed that positive affect should be treated as one of the most important predictors of PTG, especially in cases of life threatening diseases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social support and posttraumatic growth in a longitudinal study of people living with HIV: the mediating role of positive affect

Rzeszutek

2017

European Journal of Psychotraumatology

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Background: Psychological research in people living with HIV (PLWH) has been dominated by studies on the negative consequences of HIV infection. However, recently, positive changes following the diagnosis of HIV have been examined, namely the phenomenon of posttraumatic growth (PTG). Objectives: The aim of this one-year longitudinal study was to investigate the level of PTG and its relationship with social support dimensions (perceived support, need for support, actually received support) and positive and negative affect among PLWH. Specifically, this study explored the mediating role of positive and negative affect in the link between social support and PTG. Method: Participants filled out the following psychometric tools: Posttraumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI), Berlin Social Support Scales (BSSS) and Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS-X). Three assessments were performed. Altogether, 129 patients were recruited for the first assessment, 106 patients participated in the second assessment and 82 participants (63.6%) out of the initial sample of 129 participated in all three assessments. Results: The positive relationship between all examined social support dimensions and PTG was entirely mediated by positive affect. There was no association between negative affect and PTG. Selected socio-medical covariates (sex, employment, higher education, being in a stable relationship and HIV/AIDS status) were related to social support and PTG among participants. Conclusions: This study points to the need for more research on positive aspects of HIV/AIDS, notably PTG. More specifically, interventions focused on enhancement and sustainment of positive affect among PLWH should be an adjunct to traditional mental health screening among this patient group.

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“…The past years have witnessed impressive advances in empirical research on happiness (e.g., Fredrickson, 2001;Gruber, Mauss & Tamir, 2011;Seligman & Csikszentmihalyi, 2000).…”

Section: Theories Of Happinessmentioning

confidence: 99%

True happiness: The role of morality in the folk concept of happiness.

Phillips

Freitas

Mott

et al. 2017

Journal of Experimental Psychology: General

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Recent scientific research has settled on a purely descriptive definition of happiness that is focused solely on agents' psychological states (high positive affect, low negative affect, high life satisfaction). In contrast to this understanding, recent research has suggested that the ordinary concept of happiness is also sensitive to the moral value of agents' lives. Five studies systematically investigate and explain the impact of morality on ordinary assessments of happiness. Study 1 demonstrates that moral judgments influence assessments of happiness not only for untrained participants, but also for academic researchers and even in those who study happiness specifically. Studies 2 and 3 then respectively ask whether this effect may be explained by general motivational biases or beliefs in a just world. In both cases, we find evidence against these explanations. Study 4 shows that the impact of moral judgments cannot be explained by changes in the perception of descriptive psychological states. Finally, Study 5 compares the impact of moral and non-moral value, and provides evidence that unlike non-moral value, moral value is part of the criteria that govern the ordinary concept of happiness. Taken together, these studies provide a specific explanation of how and why the ordinary concept of happiness deviates from the definition used by researchers studying happiness.

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The role of positive emotions in positive psychology: The broaden-and-build theory of positive emotions.

Cited by 10,745 publications

References 87 publications

Combining oxytocin administration and positive emotion inductions: Examining social perception and analytical performance

Combining oxytocin administration and positive emotion inductions: Examining social perception and analytical performance

Social support and posttraumatic growth in a longitudinal study of people living with HIV: the mediating role of positive affect

True happiness: The role of morality in the folk concept of happiness.

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