The Role of Plant Diversity In Local Community Of Gili Iyang Island, Sumenep, East Java, Indonesia

Abstract

Indonesia is known as an archipelago with more than 17,000 islands, one of which is Gili Iyang Island. The island is located in the eastern part of Madura island, including in the region of Sumenep regency, East Java Province, Indonesia. Gili Iyang Island is reported as one of the highest oxygen sites in the world with tourism potency such as various caves with its natural beauty. The research was aimed to discover the plant diversity and local wisdom of the community. Data was collected through direct observation, open ended interview with 20 informants in two villages. The results showed that no less than 94 species utilized as food, medicines and other purposes. The plant species used for food such as taal (Borassus flabellifer L.), bukkol (Zizyphusjujuba Mill.), bille (Aegle marmelos (L.) Correa.) and bintaos (Wrightia pubescens R.Br.). The latter species is still rare to consume as food, while medicinal materials are landhek (Barleria pronitis L), membhe (Azadirachta indica A. Juss.) and tanggeri (Sida rhombifolia L.).

Plant diversity and its potential in Sumenep, East Java, Indonesia

“…The majority family plant used was Zingiberaceae (10 species) and Fabaceae (9 species), Acanthaceae, Asteraceae (5 species), Apocynaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Piperaceae, Rubiaceae (4 species), Malvaceae, Myrtaceae, Poaceae (3 species), 2 -1 species in other families. The use of plants as medicinal materials on Sepanjang Island looks higher, which is 33 species compared to that reported from Gili Iyang (28 species)[5].…”

“…During the field survey in several islands surrounding Sumenep Regency, approximately 173 potential species of plants were listed for food, medicinal ingredients, cosmetic ingredients, and coloring materials (Table 1). These types of plants are a summary of several studies including traditional medicinal plants in Sumenep, there are also 30 plant species on Sepanjang Island and Gili Iyang Island [4,5]. Research on food plants, especially taka (Tacca leontopetaloides) was conducted in Sumenep as well as on Poteran Island and Kangean Island [6][7][8].…”

Cordia dichotoma G.Forst. Boraginaceae

“…Cordia dichotoma (kendal) has also been declared as the floral mascot of Kendal Regency, Central Java, Indonesia (Rahayu et al 2017). Kendal wood is used to make boats to travel adjacent villages by local people in GiliIyang Island, Dungkek, East Java (Susiarti and Rugayah 2019).…”