The role of oxidative stress in inflammation in patients with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis

Abstract

Objective: To determine the level of cellular oxidative stress blood markers and the enzymatic system of antioxidant defense establishing the oxidative profile in patients with Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis.Methods: Case-control study that included 64 patients (46 of female sex) with Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis (JRA) following clinical control in the Pediatric Rheumatology Service of the Vall d'Hebron Hospital, Barcelona, Spain. The patients were separated in three subtypes based on the pattern of onset within the first six months of disease: polyarticular, pauciarticular and systemic. The control group included 60 patients (38 of female sex) following clinical control to diseases of non inflammatory nature, in the same hospital. The plasmatic levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), lipoperoxide (LPO), hydroperoxide (HPX), carbonile groups (CG) of proteins and gluthathione and the enzymatic activities of Superoxide dismutase (SOD), gluthathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and gluthathione reductase were determined.Results: The group of patients with JRA presented high concentrations of lipid peroxidation products, evaluated by determining the plasmatic levels of MDA, LPO, and HPX; oxidative damage of the circulate protein, determined by CG contents of plasma proteins; elevation of enzymatic activity of SOD and GSH-Red; decrease of GSH-Px activity and GSH levels.Conclusions: Our results show the presence of molecular damage determined by oxygen free radicals in the JRA patients. The SOD activity and the changes of gluthathione redox enzymatic cycle confirm the decrease of capacity of cellular defense system against the induced toxicity of oxidative stress in these patients. Resultados: Comparados aos controles, os pacientes portadores de ARJ apresentaram concentrações elevadas dos produtos derivados da lipoperoxidação, avaliada pela determinação dos níveis plasmáticos do MDA, HPX e LPO; dano oxidativo das proteínas circulantes, determinado pelo conteúdo de GC de proteínas plasmá-ticas; elevação da atividade enzimática da SOD e GSH-Red; e diminuição da atividade da GSH-Px e dos níveis do GSH. J. pediatr. (Rio J.Conclusões: Estes resultados demonstram a presença de dano molecular determinado pelos radicais livres de oxigênio em pacientes com ARJ. A atividade da SOD e as alterações do ciclo enzimático glutatião-redox confirmam uma diminuição da capacidade dos sistemas de defesa intracelular contra a toxicidade induzida pelo estresse oxidativo nestes pacientes. Introdução A geração de radicais livres ocorre como parte do processo fisiológico do metabolismo aeróbico, secundária à produção de radicais reativos de oxigênio. Desse modo, o metabolismo celular produz radicais livres em condições fisiológicas, e estes radicais ativos podem ter vários efeitos J. pediatr. (Rio J.

Plasma level of myeloperoxidase in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (a pilot study)

“…Ramos et al (2000) found that OxS markers such as plasma levels of hydroperoxide and malon dialdehyde were significantly higher in patients with JRA when compared with the controls, especially in the systemic sybgroup, which is considered to be the most severe form of the disease [5]. Renke et al (2007) found an increased level of plasma protein carbonyls at diagnosis and after a year of treatment in JIA patients as compared to controls.…”

“…HOCl belongs to reactive oxygen species (ROS). Cells that are present in infla med joints (macrophages, neutrophils, lymphocytes, and endothelial cells) are capable of producing ROS, which damage the articular cartilage [5]. Plasma MPO levels are accepted as a new marker for both inflammation and oxidative stress (OxS), whereas both condi tions have an impact on vascular dysfunc tiona lities [6].…”

“…So far there are very few studies on the role of OxS in JIA. JIA patients present high concentrations of lipid peroxidation products, oxida tive damage of proteins, changes in activity of antioxidative enzymes, decreased anti oxidative glutathione levels and enhanced nit rite/nitrate produ ction in the joints [5,11]. As the etiopathology of JIA varies between the subtypes, the role of MPO in different JIA subtypes may also be different.…”

Relationship of Cellular Oxidant and Antioxidant Status with Disease Activity in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis

“…Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic relapsing immunoinflammatory multisystem disease with predominant synovial proliferation and destruction of the articular cartilage and bone (28) (21). It has been shown that, especially in RA, monocytes produce 2.7 times more oxygen radicals than controls (22).…”

“…These systems consist of nonenzymatic antioxidants-including nonprotein antioxidants with low molecular weights (vitamins A and E, beta-carotene, uric acid) and of enzymes such as SOD, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione reductase. The activity of SOD, a catalyst for dismutation of superoxide radicals into H 2 O 2 and into molecular oxygen, protects cell and tissues from superoxide radicals and other peroxides (28). In several studies, lower activity of SOD (29) and no change in SOD (30) were shown.…”