The Role of Oxidative Damage in the Pathogenesis and Progression of Alzheimer’s Disease and Vascular Dementia

Abstract

Oxidative stress (OS) has been demonstrated to be involved in the pathogenesis of the two major types of dementia: Alzheimer's disease (AD) and vascular dementia (VaD). Evidence of OS and OS-related damage in AD is largely reported in the literature. Moreover, OS is not only linked to VaD, but also to all its risk factors. Several researches have been conducted in order to investigate whether antioxidant therapy exerts a role in the prevention and treatment of AD and VaD. Another research field is that pertaining to the heat shock proteins (Hsps), that has provided promising findings. However, the role of OS antioxidant defence system and more generally stress responses is very complex. Hence, research on this topic should be improved in order to reach further knowledge and discover new therapeutic strategies to face a disorder with such a high burden which is dementia.

Assessment of Possible Association Between Antioxidant Levels and Apoe Gene Polymorphism in Demented Saudi Population

“…In general, results of present study consist with the hypothesis that suggest the role of oxidative stress in the physiopathology of dementia as it is involved in the crucial events leading to the neural death (Cervellati et al, 2014;Luca et al, 2015). However, other studies have shown no clear association between oxidative stress and dementia (Pulido et al, 2005;Zafrilla et al, 2006;Sekler et al, 2008;Chang et al, 2014).…”

Etidronate rescues cognitive deficits through improving synaptic transmission and suppressing apoptosis in 2‐vessel occlusion model rats

“…Excessive oxidative stress contributes to the progression of cognitive decline in VD (Luca et al . ). In this study, an elevated level of MDA and a decreased SOD were found in the hippocampus of 2VO rats.…”

Antioxidant Activity of Oral Administration of Rosmarinus Officinalis Leaves Extract on Rat's Hippocampus which Exposed to 6-Hydroxydopamine

“…Generally, to achieve efficacy, a candidate antioxidant must penetrate the blood-brain-barrier (BBB) to attain a critical therapeutic level within the CNS and must be given as early as possible, before the irreversible neuronal loss. It also should fit the precise ROS physiology, for example, the type of ROS involved, the place of generation, and the severity of the damage (Azad et al 2011;Luca et al 2015). Thus, antioxidant cocktails or antioxidants combined with other drugs may have more successful synergistic effects.…”