The role of oxidants and antioxidants in chronic tonsillitis and adenoid hypertrophy in children

Oxidants and antioxidants in tonsillar and adenoidal tissue in chronic adenotonsillitis and adenotonsillar hypertrophy in children

“…Although in human studies the levels of local antioxidants were found to be increased [9,10], in experimentally induced infections they were found to be decreased [11,12]. Cemek et al [13] explain this contrary with the onset of diseases.…”

“…They argue that disease starts spontaneously in humans whereas it is induced experimentally in animals and because of this difference local defense might be adapting to the developing oxidative stress in humans better than of animals. In addition, Yilmaz et al [10] reported high levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels in tonsillectomy species. In our study, we also found high levels of CAT in adenoid and tonsillar tissue samples in infection group.…”

“…High levels of MDA are found in two studies of experimentally infected middle ear mucosa of guinea pigs [7,14]. Besides, Yilmaz et al [10] and Shukla et al [8] reported raised levels of MDA both in serum and tissue in chronic tonsillitis. Our data, high levels of adenoid and tonsillar MDA were similar with the reports above.…”

Paraoxonase and arylesterase activity and total oxidative/anti-oxidative status in patients with chronic adenotonsillitis

“…Reactive oxygen species may be defined as any species including one or more unpaired electrons. Because they are extremely reactive, they have the possible to reason tissue injury, particularly in cell membranes [5]. Cell membranes are rich sources of fatty acids and they are attacked by ROS [12].…”

Free Radicals and Oxidative Stress: Basic Concepts and Misconceptions

“…Truly reactive radicals are those chemical species with one or two highly reactive unpaired valence electrons in open electron shell(s). A large body of evidence suggests that free radicals are linked to the pathogenesis of tumors (Manjunath et al 2010 ;Valko et al 2006 ;Dwivedi et al 2008 ), hearing loss (Yamasoba et al 2013 ;Rewerska et al 2013 ), tonsillitis (Garca et al 2013b ;Cvetkovic et al 2009 ;Yilmaz et al 2004 ;Li et al 2011 ), allergic rhinitis (Aksoy et al 2009(Aksoy et al , 2012, chronic otitis media (Garca et al 2013a ;Baysal et al 2013 ;Testa et al 2012 ), and rhinosinusitis (Citardi et al 2006 ;Uslu et al 2003 ) and implies that antioxidant therapy eventually may be employed as a strategy to ameliorate these disorders and diseases (Ding et al 2013 ;Tian et al 2013 ;Someya et al 2010 ). As has been shown recently, however, many antioxidants that are effective in animal models are not effective in human clinical trials.…”