The role of occupational factors and individual susceptibility in the development and course of bronchopulmonary diseases

Vasilieva, O. S.; Кузьмина, Л.П.; Chernyak, A. V.; Kravchenko, N. Yu.; Koljaskina, M. M.

doi:10.18093/0869-0189-2021-31-4-463-468

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 14 publications

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“…По результатам цикла работ разработаны диагностические критерии, подготовлены методические рекомендации, внедрены Биличенко Т.Н., Шутов А.А. Достижения в области пульмонологии профилактические и лечебные программы на промышленных предприятиях [27].…”

Section: результаты и обсуждениеunclassified

The achievements of pulmonology and the main directions of further improvement of medical care in the Russian Federation

Биличенко

Shutov

2021

Pulʹmonologiâ (Mosk.)

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The development of pulmonology in Russia is linked with the creative activity of the Scientific Research Institute of Pulmonology of the Federal Medico-Biological Agency (Research Institute of Pulmonology of the FMBA) and its scientific school.The aim of the analytical review was to assess the role and contribution of the research team of the Research Institute of Pulmonology in improving the quality of medical care to the population of Russia.Methods. The data of medical statistics of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation on morbidity and mortality of the population due to respiratory diseases (RD) from 2004 - 2018 are analyzed. The publications on scientific research conducted with the participation of employees of the Research Institute of Pulmonology for the period from 2005 to 2020 were studied.Results. Over the past 30 years in Russia, with the participation of the staff of the Research Institute of Pulmonology, the state task of creating a system for organizing medical care for the population with RD has been successfully solved. The study and implementation of modern innovative approaches in the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of RD, the training of primary care physicians allowed to improve the quality of medical care to patients to the level of world standards. For the period from 2004 - 2018 the mortality of the population from RD 35.6% decrease was registered. During the pandemic of a new coronavirus infection, the use of pulmonology achievements in clinical practice contributed to a decrease in the frequency of deaths in people with COVID-19.Conclusion. Currently, the Research Institute of Pulmonology of the FMBA of Russia retains a leading position in the country in the field of fundamental scientific research, innovative methods of diagnosis and treatment of RD, educational activities and training of specialists in the field of pulmonology.

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Section: результаты и обсуждениеunclassified

The achievements of pulmonology and the main directions of further improvement of medical care in the Russian Federation

Биличенко

Shutov

2021

Pulʹmonologiâ (Mosk.)

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The risk of modification of the immune response of the body in agricultural workers from the effects of a biological factor

Masyagutova

Bakirov

Бакиров

et al. 2022

Med. tr. prom. èkol.

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The issues of timely identification of workers in need of in-depth examination remain relevant and priority; substantiation of criteria for the formation of risk groups, taking into account the assessment of early nonspecific reactions of the body in order to timely ensure rational schemes for the organization of therapeutic and recreational activities. The analysis of the available literature data on determining the role of the immune system in the development of pathology in workers under conditions of industrial microbiological risk seems relevant. We have carried out a systematic search and analysis of modern domestic and foreign literature on the designated topic. Hygienic studies indicate that respiratory dusts, chemicals, conditionally pathogenic saprophytic microorganisms prevail as part of the complex of working environment factors. As a result of adsorption on dust particles, microorganisms are able to trigger the development of pathological processes, followed by the release of inflammatory mediators. Other interrelated and interdependent molecular mechanisms also take part in the processes of formation of inflammation of the respiratory tract. Maintaining the balance of the levels of pro- and anti-inflammatory regulatory proteins - cytokines is the basis for maintaining an adequate balance and the formation of anti-infectious immunity. Epithelial cells are the main organ capable of performing the functions of a barrier to prevent the spread of an infectious agent to the lower respiratory tract. The analysis of scientific literature indicates a significant contribution of microbial contamination of the air of the working area by saprophytic microorganisms to the development of immuno-mediated general somatic, production-related and occupational morbidity. There is not enough work on a clear disclosure of the patterns of immune response, the stage-by-stage indicators of endogenous protection mechanisms, which make it possible to justify timely diagnostic measures and high-quality medical supervision of employees.

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Features of the immune status in occupational chronic obstructive pulmonary disease of varying severity in coal mine workers

Panev,

Evseeva,

Kungurova

et al. 2023

Med. tr. prom. èkol.

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Introduction. The peculiarities of the clinical course of bronchopulmonary diseases, which occupy a large place in the structure of occupational diseases in coal mine workers, are largely due to a violation of immune reactivity, which is important to take into account for the development of effective preventive and therapeutic measures. The study aims to explore the features of the immune status in occupational chronic obstructive pulmonary disease of varying severity in coal mine workers. Materials and methods. The scientists have conducted a survey of 110 miners, who worked in underground conditions with an average concentration of aerosols of predominantly fibrogenic action at the workplace up to ten or more times higher than the maximum permissible concentrations, with an established diagnosis of occupational chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The control group consisted of 89 trained miners who also worked in dust conditions above the maximum permissible concentrations, without bronchopulmonary pathology. The above groups had no statistical differences among themselves in age and work experience in dusty conditions. The authors also conducted an immunological examination. Results. Researchers have identified the features of the immune status in occupational chronic obstructive pulmonary disease — the development of combined immune insufficiency with damage to the humoral link of immunity (decrease in serum immunoglobulin G) and phagocytic activity of neutrophils. At the same time, we have an increased level of proteins of the acute phase of inflammation (C-reactive protein and haptoglobin) and an increased level of circulating immune complexes as an indicator of a high antigenic load. In patients with severe occupational chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, the suppression of the humoral link of immunity increases (a decrease in the relative and absolute amount of CD20+ and the level of serum immunoglobulin G), as well as the phagocytic activity of neutrophils compared with patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease of moderate severity and a comparison group that can contribute to the development and recurrence of the infectious and inflammatory process not only in the lungs, but also in other organs. Conclusion. The authors revealed the development of combined immune insufficiency with damage to the humoral link of immunity (decrease in serum immunoglobulin G) and phagocytic activity of neutrophils in miners with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. With a severe degree of the disease, there are more pronounced violations of the humoral link of immunity and phagocytic activity of neutrophils. Ethics. This medical study with the participation of a person as a subject was carried out in compliance with the Ethical principles presented in the latest version of the Helsinki Declaration, developed by the World Medical Association.

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The role of occupational factors and individual susceptibility in the development and course of bronchopulmonary diseases

Cited by 3 publications

References 14 publications

The achievements of pulmonology and the main directions of further improvement of medical care in the Russian Federation

The achievements of pulmonology and the main directions of further improvement of medical care in the Russian Federation

The risk of modification of the immune response of the body in agricultural workers from the effects of a biological factor

Features of the immune status in occupational chronic obstructive pulmonary disease of varying severity in coal mine workers

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