The Role of miRNAs as New Molecular Biomarkers for Dating the Age of Wound Production: A Systematic Review

Simone, Stefania De; Giacani, Elena; Bosco, Maria Antonella; Vittorio, Simona; Ferrara, Michela; Bertozzi, Giuseppe; Cipolloni, Luigi; Russa, Raffaele La

doi:10.3389/fmed.2021.803067

Cited by 8 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 74 publications

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“…Loss of the cutaneous continuity due to trauma may lead to serious complications and even death [ 19 ]. Therefore, determination of the wound vitality and dating is a crucial medicolegal issue, which raises the need for evaluating the well-organized wound healing sequences and the involved biomarkers [ 20 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, the current study was also conducted to evaluate the expressions of lncFAO, which were strongly associated with healing sequences, especially inflammation resolution and tissue repair [ 5 , 20 , 32 ]. We identified its specificity in wound dating estimation and stability during early PMIs (up to 24 h).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The rate of postmortem RNA degradation is affected by various intrinsic and extrinsic factors. However, RNA, including miRNA and lncRNA, of sufficient quality and quantity were isolated from long preserved forensic samples [ 20 , 36 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Estimation of Early Postmortem Interval from Long Noncoding RNA Gene Expression in the Incised Cutaneous Wound: An Experimental Study

et al. 2022

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The assessment of alteration of postmortem RNA expression has forensic significance in estimating postmortem interval. To evaluate wound healing progression and the effect of different postmortem intervals, histopathological changes, immunohistochemical matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) expression, and long noncoding fatty acid oxidation (lncFAO), RNA expression was assessed in the incised cutaneous wound model. A full-thickness cutaneous wound was inflicted on 75 rats. All 15 rats were sacrificed at different post-infliction intervals (0, 2, 4, 8 and 10 days), and the cutaneous wounds (n = 5) were excised at different postmortem intervals (0, 5, and 24 h after euthanasia). The maximal inflammatory healing stage was detected at day 4 post-infliction, while near complete healing, thick mature collagen deposition was detected at day 10 post-infliction. LncFAO expression was significantly over-expressed with increasing wound age. MMP-9 was detectable on injury day with continuous elevation until 8 days post-wounding, which later decreased. Although histopathological and immunohistochemical examinations within 24 h postmortem did not show any remarkable changes, lncFAO RNA expression showed a significant negative correlation with hours passed since death. The combined use of histopathological changes, immunohistochemical expression of MMP-9, and molecular expression of lncFAO could be appropriate in wound dating verification. Among these factors, lncFAO could be a reliable indicator in postmortem interval estimation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Estimation of Early Postmortem Interval from Long Noncoding RNA Gene Expression in the Incised Cutaneous Wound: An Experimental Study

et al. 2022

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“…With the development of biomolecular technology, detection methods based on nucleic acid ( 1 , 8 , 9 ), metabolites ( 10 , 11 ), and microorganisms ( 2 , 12 , 13 ) have been widely used in the past few decades. Some studies suggested that the genes, such as GAPDH2, ACTB2, 18S rRNA, miR-1, and miR-133a, are suitable indicators for estimating PMI ( 14 – 16 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combining with lab-on-chip technology and multi-organ fusion strategy to estimate post-mortem interval of rat

Zhang

Long

et al. 2023

Front. Med.

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BackgroundThe estimation of post-mortem interval (PMI) is one of the most important problems in forensic pathology all the time. Although many classical methods can be used to estimate time since death, accurate and rapid estimation of PMI is still a difficult task in forensic practice, so the estimation of PMI requires a faster, more accurate, and more convenient method.Materials and methodsIn this study, an experimental method, lab-on-chip, is used to analyze the characterizations of polypeptide fragments of the lung, liver, kidney, and skeletal muscle of rats at defined time points after death (0, 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, 24, 27, and 30 days). Then, machine learning algorithms (base model: LR, SVM, RF, GBDT, and MLPC; ensemble model: stacking, soft voting, and soft-weighted voting) are applied to predict PMI with single organ. Multi-organ fusion strategy is designed to predict PMI based on multiple organs. Then, the ensemble pruning algorithm determines the best combination of multi-organ.ResultsThe kidney is the best single organ for predicting the time of death, and its internal and external accuracy is 0.808 and 0.714, respectively. Multi-organ fusion strategy dramatically improves the performance of PMI estimation, and its internal and external accuracy is 0.962 and 0.893, respectively. Finally, the best organ combination determined by the ensemble pruning algorithm is all organs, such as lung, liver, kidney, and skeletal muscle.ConclusionLab-on-chip is feasible to detect polypeptide fragments and multi-organ fusion is more accurate than single organ for PMI estimation.

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“…Thus, there are numerous forensic studies exploring available markers for the determination of wound vitality using biochemical, histochemical, immunohistochemical and molecular biological techniques ( 4 – 6 ). Moreover, there are several recent studies focusing on omics sciences and micro RNA ( 7 , 8 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Forensic Application of Epidermal Ubiquitin Expression to Determination of Wound Vitality in Human Compressed Neck Skin

et al. 2022

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Ubiquitin is a member of the heat shock protein family and is rapidly induced by various types of stimuli, including ischemic and mechanical stress. However, its significance in determining wound vitality of neck compression skin in forensic pathology remains unclear. We immunohistochemically examined the expression of ubiquitin in the neck skin samples to understand its forensic applicability in determining wound vitality. Skin samples were obtained from 53 cases of neck compression (hanging, 42 cases; strangulation, 11 cases) during forensic autopsies. Intact skin from the same individual was used as the control. Ubiquitin expression was detected in 73.9% of keratinocytes in intact skin samples, but only in 21.2% of keratinocytes in the compression regions, with statistical differences between the control and compression groups. This depletion in the case of neck compression may be caused by the impaired conversion of conjugated to free ubiquitin and failure of de novo ubiquitin synthesis. From a forensic pathological perspective, immunohistochemical examination of ubiquitin expression in the skin of the neck can be regarded as a valuable marker for diagnosing traces of antemortem compression.

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The Role of miRNAs as New Molecular Biomarkers for Dating the Age of Wound Production: A Systematic Review

Cited by 8 publications

References 74 publications

Estimation of Early Postmortem Interval from Long Noncoding RNA Gene Expression in the Incised Cutaneous Wound: An Experimental Study

Estimation of Early Postmortem Interval from Long Noncoding RNA Gene Expression in the Incised Cutaneous Wound: An Experimental Study

Combining with lab-on-chip technology and multi-organ fusion strategy to estimate post-mortem interval of rat

Forensic Application of Epidermal Ubiquitin Expression to Determination of Wound Vitality in Human Compressed Neck Skin

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