The Role of Medical Societies in the Rise of the Scottish Medical Profession 1730–1939

Jenkinson, Jacqueline

doi:10.1093/shm/4.2.253

Cited by 10 publications

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“…The Edinburgh Obstetrical Society, established in 1840 for example, ‘effectively remained for many years a society open to general practitioners’. 38 …”

Section: The Generalist Reaction 1858–1914mentioning

confidence: 99%

British Romantic Generalism in the Age of Specialism, 1870–1990

Casper

Welsh

2015

Soc Hist Med

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This essay explores the impact of ‘generalism’ and ‘general practice’ on the specialisation of British medicine using the case of neurology in Britain to reveal characteristics of British ‘generalist medical culture’ from 1870 to 1990. It argues that ‘generalism’ represented a particular epistemological position in Victorian medicine, one that then created a natural bridge between science and medicine over which almost all physicians and scientists were comfortable walking. The legacies of that Victorian ‘generalist preference’ exerted an enduring impact on the specialisation process as physicians experienced it in the twentieth century and as this case of neurology reveals so clearly. Neurologists and general physicians would still be arguing about the relative merits of a general medical education into the 1980s. By then, however, the emergence of government bodies promoting specialist labour conditions would have rendered the process seemingly inexorable.

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“…The Edinburgh Obstetrical Society, established in 1840 for example, ‘effectively remained for many years a society open to general practitioners’. 38 …”

Section: The Generalist Reaction 1858–1914mentioning

confidence: 99%

British Romantic Generalism in the Age of Specialism, 1870–1990

Casper

Welsh

2015

Soc Hist Med

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“…of zoals Jacqueline Jenkinson het stelde in haar studie over de professionalisering van het medisch beroep in Schotland: 'Ultimately, the importance of medical societies lies in their close reflection of the trends within the professionalization process of medicine [...] over a considerable period of time'. 25 Openbare gezondheid: adviseren en lobbyen Parallel met de bloei van de historiografie over de medische professie ontstond echter kritiek op het professionaliseringsmodel. die kritiek kwam in de eerste plaats van binnenuit.…”

Section: Medicalisering: Groepscohesie En Deskundigheidunclassified

Wetenschapsbeoefening en belangenbehartiging: naar een nieuwe geschiedschrijving van negentiende-eeuwse medische genootschappen in de Lage Landen

Vandendriessche¹

2014

Studium

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The practice of science and the protection of interests. Towards a new historiography of nineteenth-century medical societies in the Low Countries. This paper provides an overview of the historiography of nineteenth-century medical societies in the Low Countries and sketches opportunities for new research. Three research traditions will be identified. The first two traditions correspond to the different reception of the concept of 'professionalisation' (the development of medicine into a modern profession) in the Netherlands and Belgium, which resulted in different interpretations of the professional function of medical societies. The third tradition comprises the research into the advisory function of these societies and their political lobby relating to public health. As each of these research traditions discussed medical societies within their own interpretative framework, the historiographical image of nineteenth-century medical societies has also become highly fragmented. While the efforts of medical societies to build and protect their professional interests have been extensively studied, the scientific activities of these medical societies have only received limited attention. This paper suggests that a more complete analysis can be achieved by considering medical societies as research communities. From such a perspective, the scientific practices performed in medical societies can be studied in close relation to their professional functioning, thus enabling new insights into the relation between scientific and professional developments in nineteenth-century medicine.

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“…Historians have emphasised the impact of broader cultural values on medicine and the identity of its practitioners, 14 but less explored has been the role of these specialist medical clubs, which constituted a privileged space in the creation and maintenance of identity. 15 In founding the Society of Neurological Surgeons (SNS), a few surgeons made choices in including and excluding others, in sanctioning technical and moral values that dictated conduct, and in emphasising self-control in both the public sphere and the operating theatre. These choices reflected wider concerns of early twentieth-century medicine and laid the foundations for the moral economy of a new specialty.…”

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confidence: 99%

Skill, Judgement and Conduct for the First Generation of Neurosurgeons, 1900–1930

Gavrus¹

2015

Med. Hist.

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Historical contingency complicates a reading of skill as a self-explanatory and always positive attribute. By focusing on the attempts of the first generation of neurosurgeons to build a community and fashion a collective neurosurgical self, this article highlights the extent to which the relationship between surgical skill and professional judgement is reflected in broader concerns that shape the landscape of medicine at a given time. Some early twentieth-century surgeons expressed concern about the spectacularisation of surgery and the skilful but problematic work of 'brilliant operators'. The neurosurgeons' policies of inclusion and exclusion show that in the process of fashioning a neurosurgical persona, this first generation sanctioned specific norms of conduct underwritten by similar moral imperatives, such as self-control. These norms governed the doctors' work both in the operating room and on the public stage (in their engagement with the press). The meetings of the first neurosurgical society staged a critical encounter between the host neurosurgeon and the members who watched him perform surgery. These technical performances in the operating theatre, followed by discussions, were designed to encourage particular norms, to negotiate surgical knowledge, and to demonstrate the skills and character of the neurosurgeon. The performances acted as a technology of the self that aligned the operator to a community and helped that community refine its norms of surgical conduct. The awkward surgeon with inferior technical ability was preferable to the brilliant but vain operator who lacked the capacity to judge when he should not deploy his spectacular skills.

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The Role of Medical Societies in the Rise of the Scottish Medical Profession 1730–1939

Cited by 10 publications

References 0 publications

British Romantic Generalism in the Age of Specialism, 1870–1990

British Romantic Generalism in the Age of Specialism, 1870–1990

Wetenschapsbeoefening en belangenbehartiging: naar een nieuwe geschiedschrijving van negentiende-eeuwse medische genootschappen in de Lage Landen

Skill, Judgement and Conduct for the First Generation of Neurosurgeons, 1900–1930

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