British Romantic Generalism in the Age of Specialism, 1870–1990

Casper, Stephen T.; Welsh, Rick

doi:10.1093/shm/hkv103

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 18 publications

(5 reference statements)

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“…Therefore, it is logical that the concepts and theories that belonging to family medicine are often difficult to explain and to understand [8,9].…”

Section: Commentarymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Family Doctors: Images and Metaphors of the Family Doctor to Learn Family Medicine

Turabián¹

2016

J Gen Pract

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The conceptual elements and skills that promote the mastery of family medicine, such as contextual knowledge, continuity of care, the clinical interview, comprehensiveness, coordination, and so on, are often difficult to explain and to understand. Medicine is often learned through a mechanistic metaphor of biology and a military metaphor of war. However, these fundamental concepts of family medicine have nothing to do with the metaphor of the machine or the metaphor of war. In this book, "The Family Doctors: Images and Metaphors of the Family Doctor to Learn Family Medicine", these concepts are explained through metaphors that are more explanatory, nicer, sweeter, and more playful. Thus, among other metaphors, the family doctor is presented as the genie in Aladdin's lamp, as a drinker of Chinese tea, a classic painter, an explorer on a desert island, as a bass, a plug, a photographer, an historian, a person eating spaghetti or cherries, a cat, a civil engineer, a catalyst, a meteorologist, a detective, a fisherman rather than a hunter, a sculptor, a sea turtle, a golfer, a filter coffee, a diver, a poet, a billiards player, a mother who picks up her baby, and a nuts and bolts mechanism. Thinking based on metaphors and comparisons is a way of making a concept so suggestive, interesting and surprising, that it reaches people more easily. The value of family medicine lies in its distinctiveness from academic medicine. Thus, the family doctor should be encouraged to use a non-conventional form when thinking about the problems that are presented in the consultation, for example, thinking on the basis of metaphors. CommentaryThe family doctor is the general practitioner who assumes professional responsibility for attention to the whole patient, not selecting according to undifferentiated problems, and who has committed himself to the person independent of age, sex, disease, organs or corporal systems. The clinical specialty of family medicine focuses on the patient. It is based on evidence, centered on the family, and orientated to the problem. Family physicians acquire and maintain a wide range of skills that depend on the needs of the patients and the communities they serve. The scope of their practice is not defined by diagnoses or procedures, but by human needs. Family physicians do not treat diseases; they take care of people. The nodal points in the life cycle of the family, such as birth, severe illness, and end of life, deserve special attention. Family physicians are experts in the management of common problems, recognizing the important diseases, discovering hidden conditions, and managing acute and chronic diseases [1-3].Family physicians emphasize health promotion and disease prevention. Their knowledge, skills, and attitudes are directed to the practice community, and are based on current scientific knowledge and focused on the continuous improvement in quality. Family practice requires special skills to be able to identify concerns, negotiate plans and help to solve problems. The recognition, int...

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“…Therefore, it is logical that the concepts and theories that belonging to family medicine are often difficult to explain and to understand [8,9].…”

Section: Commentarymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Family Doctors: Images and Metaphors of the Family Doctor to Learn Family Medicine

Turabián¹

2016

J Gen Pract

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“…1 Later, specialization increased as biomedical knowledge expanded with discoveries in disease etiology and treatment methods, and then rapidly accelerated with the technological advancements of the late 19th and 20th centuries. 8 It became increasingly difficult for one person to know everything about all diseases and treatments. Physicians eventually discovered that benefits of specialization included increased fees, less onerous working hours, and the prestige of being an expert.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Tale of Specialization in 2 Professions: Comparing the Development of Radiology in Chiropractic and Medicine

Young

2019

Journal of Chiropractic Humanities

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Objective: The purpose of this article is to describe the development of radiology as a specialty in chiropractic with a comparison to the development of the specialty of radiology in medicine. Discussion: Specialization in medicine has been notably successful, with advanced training and enhanced capabilities in specialized skills leading to better outcomes for patients and increased prestige for practitioners. However, with chiropractic, as with other complementary and alternative medicine professions, no specialization has been recognized within it. Specialist radiology training in chiropractic bears a resemblance to that of medicine, with competitive entry for residencies, certification exams, and the creation of a journal and specialist professional organizations. To facilitate the comparison, I have divided the development of radiology into 4 phases from the chiropractic perspective. Phase 1 started with the discovery of x-rays in 1895, in which medicine adopted them but chiropractic did not. Phase 2 began in 1910 when B. J. Palmer introduced radiography to show chiropractic subluxations. Phase 3 started in 1942 when Waldo Poehner advocated for the mainstream diagnostic use of radiography in addition to subluxation analysis. Phase 4 started in 1957 when an examining board for certification in diagnostic radiology was assembled and many chiropractors began to embrace the mainstream medical use of radiography. Conclusion: In this tale of 2 professions, radiology gained official specialty designation in the field of medicine. The medical profession had a monopoly on health care, and thus had few internal and external barriers to overcome. Chiropractic was oppressed by organized medicine, which helped to create the unofficial specialty of chiropractic radiology but which also later helped to limit the specialty. Chiropractic radiology has maintained its independence and autonomy, but also remains on the fringe of mainstream health care.

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The Catheter Life: a Social History of Ageing, Risk, and Surgical Innovation in Britain’s Long Nineteenth Century

Fitzpatrick

2022

Palgrave Studies in Literature, Science and Medicine

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British Romantic Generalism in the Age of Specialism, 1870–1990

Cited by 6 publications

References 18 publications

The Family Doctors: Images and Metaphors of the Family Doctor to Learn Family Medicine

The Family Doctors: Images and Metaphors of the Family Doctor to Learn Family Medicine

A Tale of Specialization in 2 Professions: Comparing the Development of Radiology in Chiropractic and Medicine

The Catheter Life: a Social History of Ageing, Risk, and Surgical Innovation in Britain’s Long Nineteenth Century

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