The role of latex agglutination test for the etiological diagnosis of pleural effusion in children and adolescents

Camargos, Paulo Augusto Moreira; Fonseca, Ana; Amantéa, Sérgio L.; Oliveira, E. A.; Benfica, Maria das Graças Alves; Chamone, Chequer Buffe

doi:10.1111/crj.12348

Cited by 1 publication

(2 citation statements)

References 21 publications

(32 reference statements)

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“…However, these conventional techniques are laborious and time consuming due to the slow-growing type M. tuberculosis . In order to improve TB detection, various biosensing techniques such as nucleic acid amplification tests [ 7 , 8 , 9 ], latex agglutination [ 10 ], enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) [ 11 ], radiometric detection [ 12 ], and flow cytometry [ 13 ] have been implemented. These techniques provide rapid and improved sensitivity and specificity functions for diagnosis of TB but many have limitations with regard to providing real-time detection results and also require highly skilled personnel to handle the lengthy procedures and complex instrumentation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, the decisions about the management of TB cases are based on the test results as this plays a vital role in the confirmation of the disease and commencement of the treatment process, i.e., a method that promotes the early initiation of treatment is vital [ 7 , 8 ]. The latex agglutination test uses tuberculoprotein as an antigen and so in most cases the test is simple, accurate, rapid and can be easily used in remote areas; however, the limiting factors of this test is the stability of antigen-coated beads and other testing reagents as they are time bound, and the time scale required for the total sample analysis [ 10 ]. Other tests such as ELISA, flow cytometry, etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Immuno Nanosensor for the Ultrasensitive Naked Eye Detection of Tuberculosis

Bakhori

Yusof

Abdullah

et al. 2018

Sensors

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In the present study, a beneficial approach for the ultrasensitive and affordable naked eye detection and diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) by utilizing plasmonic enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) via antibody-antigen interaction was studied. Here, the biocatalytic cycle of the intracellular enzymes links to the formation and successive growth of the gold nanoparticles (GNPs) for ultrasensitive detection. The formation of different colored solutions by the plasmonic nanoparticles in the presence of enzyme labels links directly to the existence or non-existence of the TB analytes in the sample solutions. For disease detection, the adapted protocol is based mainly on the conventional ELISA procedure that involves catalase-labeled antibodies, i.e., the enzymes consume hydrogen peroxide and further produce GNPs with the addition of gold (III) chloride. The amount of hydrogen peroxide remaining in the solution determines whether the GNPs solution is to be formed in the color blue or the color red, as it serves as a confirmation for the naked eye detection of TB analytes. However, the conventional ELISA method only shows tonal colors that need a high concentration of analyte to achieve high confidence levels for naked eye detection. Also, in this research, we proposed the incorporation of protein biomarker, Mycobacterium tuberculosis ESAT-6-like protein esxB (CFP-10), as a means of TB detection using plasmonic ELISA. With the use of this technique, the CFP-10 detection limit can be lowered to 0.01 µg/mL by the naked eye. Further, our developed technique was successfully tested and confirmed with sputum samples from patients diagnosed with positive TB, thereby providing enough evidence for the utilization of our technique in the early diagnosis of TB disease.

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