The role of interlayer grafting on the mechanical properties of magadiite/styrene‐butadiene rubber composites

Abstract

This work examines the mechanisms by which magadiite (MGD), a synthetic layered silicate, acts as an active filler to provide high levels of mechanical reinforcement in styrene‐butadiene rubber (SBR) composites. Cetyltrimethylammonium (CTA+) expands the MGD layer spacing and promotes intercalation of SBR and silane coupling agent (Si69); the resulting CMGD/SBR composites have greater tensile moduli than comparable silica/SBR composites. CMGD was reacted in solution with Si69 (or MPTES) to prepare “pre‐grafted” MGD with varying levels of interlayer silane functionalization (SMGD). If the silane graft density is relatively low, the resulting SMGD/SBR composite has mechanical properties comparable to CMGD composites prepared with Si69 added during batch mixing. However, SMGD with high silane graft density does not permit SBR intercalation and produces composites with inferior mechanical properties, demonstrating the necessity of silane‐mediated interlayer grafting. Omitting Si69 from the formulation dramatically reduces the level of mechanical reinforcement as measured by DMA and tensile testing. Adding extra bulk sulfur (to replace sulfur omitted with Si69) does not produce composites with mechanical properties comparable to CMGD/SBR or SMGD/SBR prepared with Si69. This work demonstrates that silane‐mediated SBR‐MGD grafts within the MGD interlayer space are essential for achieving high levels of mechanical reinforcement in MGD/SBR composites. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017, 134, 45025.

Aramid pulp with physisorbed imidazolium ionic liquids for solvent‐casted enhanced styrene‐butadiene rubber composites

“…This versatile material is used in automotive tire and tire‐based products, in footwear and engineering products, and in mechanical goods and other applications . Elastomers are, in general, reinforced with conventional fillers such as carbon black (CB) and silica as in tire tread applications . Nevertheless, due to their particulate morphology, high contents are required to achieve the desired properties, which increases the final density of the composite.…”

Adsorption Analyses of Phenol from Aqueous Solutions Using Magadiite Modified with Organo-Functional Groups: Kinetic and Equilibrium Studies

“…Later, researchers reported on a layered silicate of magadiite which has high purity, ion exchange capacity, and possesses good thermal as well as chemical stability [22]. In addition, the layers of magadiite have a large amount of exchangeable water and sodium ions, which determines that they have good ion exchange properties [23]; however, objects ranging from protons [24] to polymers [25] that can be inserted into the layers make the layered magadiite have a proper interlamellar spacing. Therefore, Yoshiaki et al used reagent octyltrichlorosilane 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane as the intermedium to be intercalated to magadiite when they prepared a novel pillared magadiite.…”