The role of interception in the water budget of spruce stands in the Eastern Ore Mountains/Germany

Zimmermann, Lothar; Frühauf, Cathleen; Bernhofer, C.

doi:10.1016/s1464-1909(99)00085-4

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 2 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The fogwater droplets and their vertical movement were confirmed by field measurements [2,3], reminding a possible contribution from the micro-droplets. The phenomenon of extraordinarily high interception rates (higher than the Penman-Monteith equation rate) was partially explained by different perspectives: an extra energy coming from horizontal transfers (from dry locations to raining locations, or from warmer oceans to cooler forests) might lead to the high evaporation rate [4,5], the aerodynamic resistance of the canopy could be very low to force a high evaporation rate [5,6], the interception rate was related to rainfall rate and exceeded the net radiation [7], or the wind gusts and splashed droplets might enhance evaporation rates [8,9]. But neither of these studies or suggestions has given a thorough explanation for the phenomenon.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Micro-Droplet Flux in Forest and its Contribution to Interception Loss of Rainfall – Theoretical Study and Field

Yao¹

2010

JWARP

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A new approach to explain forest interception was proposed by introducing micro-droplets of crushed raindrops during rainfall. The aerodynamic diffusion and transfer of both vapour and micro-droplets from canopy to upper air were described and calculated, and proposed formulas applied to eight rainfall events at the Okunoi Experimental Station, Tokushima, Japan. Contributions from droplet transfer were 0.9-58.2 times of contributions from vapour transfer, taking a majority portion in total interception loss. Accounting only the vapour transfer or evaporation loss as estimated by Penman equation was not able to account for actual interception loss. The micro-droplet flux component took major portion in the two heavily rained events, and completely made up the interception as happened in October 2004. The droplet flux could accommodate a high interception rate, even when the air was nearly vapour-saturated and vapour flux was zero. This approach provided a new explanation to extraordinarily high interception rates.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Micro-Droplet Flux in Forest and its Contribution to Interception Loss of Rainfall – Theoretical Study and Field

Yao¹

2010

JWARP

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The vegetation gathers water from wind-blown fog and thus captures a significant contribution to the hydrological cycle and nutrient budget. The contribution of fog water as an additional water source to the hydrological budget of forest ecosystems is well documented (Zadroga 1981;Hutley et al 1997;Zimmermann et al 1999;DeFelice 2002;Liu et al 2004). The recognition of the ecological value of montane cloud forests led to the establishment of various international initiatives that aim at the implementation of research, conservation and restoration activities (Aldrich 1998;Aldrich et al 2000;Bubb et al 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrient Input Through Occult and Wet Deposition into a Subtropical Montane Cloud Forest

Beiderwieden

Schmidt

Hsia

et al. 2007

Water Air Soil Pollut

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Chemical composition of fog and rain water was studied during a 47-day experimental period. The differences between the fog and rain water were found to be significantly for most analyzed ions. H + , NH 4 + , NO 3 − , and SO 4 2− made up 85% of the total median ion concentration in fog and 84% in rain water. The total mean equivalent concentration was 15 times higher in the fog than in the rain water. The fog water samples were classified according to their air mass history. The analysis of the 120 h backward trajectory led to the identification of three advection regimes. Significant differences of ion concentrations between the respective classes were found. Air masses of class I travelled exclusively over the Pacific Ocean, class II were carried over the Philippines, and class III were advected from mainland China. The turbulent fog water deposition was determined by the means of the eddy covariance method. The total (turbulent plus gravitational) fog water fluxes ranged between +31.7 mg m −2 s −1 and −56.6 mg m −2 s −1 . Fog water droplets with mean diameters between 15 μm and 25 μm contributed most to the liquid water flux. The sample based nutrient input was calculated on the basis of the occult and wet deposition, and the concentrations of the simultaneously collected fog and rainwater samples, respectively. The nutrient input through wet deposition was about 13 times higher than through occult deposition.

show abstract

“…It is known that approximately 10 to 25% of annual precipitation is lost by canopy interception, depending on evaporation power of the air, storm characteristics, and vegetation (Chang 2003). Nevertheless, fog condensed in forest canopy can contribute significant amounts of water to the ecosystem budget especially in the areas with high annual numbers of foggy days (Hutley et al 1997;Zimmermann et al 1999;DeFelice 2002;Liu et al 2004;Bruijnzeel et al 2005). The studied locality belongs to the places with the highest average annual number of foggy days (more than 150 according to Tolasz et al 2007).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of deposition fluxes in two mountain Norway spruce stands with different densities using the extended Canopy Budget Model

Drápelová¹

2013

J. For. Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ABSTRACT:The field study in a mountain forest at Bílý Kříž provides a comparison of element fluxes for two adjacent forest spruce stands of the same age (29 years in 2005) but with different stem densities. During five years (2001)(2002)(2003)(2004)(2005), bulk and throughfall precipitation was sampled and analysed. Total deposition, dry deposition and canopy exchange fluxes were evaluated on the basis of the Canopy Budget Model. Highly significant differences in base cations, dissolved organic carbon, SO 4 2− , F − , and Cl − throughfall concentrations were found between the sparser and denser spruce stands.Throughfall, dry deposition and canopy exchange fluxes were also influenced by stand density. Annual throughfall fluxes of inorganic nitrogen were within 11.

show abstract

The role of interception in the water budget of spruce stands in the Eastern Ore Mountains/Germany

Cited by 11 publications

References 2 publications

Micro-Droplet Flux in Forest and its Contribution to Interception Loss of Rainfall – Theoretical Study and Field

Micro-Droplet Flux in Forest and its Contribution to Interception Loss of Rainfall – Theoretical Study and Field

Nutrient Input Through Occult and Wet Deposition into a Subtropical Montane Cloud Forest

Evaluation of deposition fluxes in two mountain Norway spruce stands with different densities using the extended Canopy Budget Model

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About