The role of insulin and IGF-1 signaling in longevity

Abstract

There are many theories of aging and parameters that influence lifespan, including genetic instability, telomerase activity and oxidative stress. The role of caloric restriction, metabolism and insulin and insulin-like growth factor-1 signaling in the process of aging is especially well conserved throughout evolution. These latter factors interact with each other, the former factors and histone deacetylases of the SIR family in a complex interaction to influence lifespan.

Autophagy and signaling: their role in cell survival and cell death

“…60 Presumably, this can be ascribed to accelerated autophagy. 11,61 Calorie restriction also prolongs life and this, too, has been ascribed to increased autophagy.…”

The Central Role of Glucose in Metabolism and Nutrition of Critically Ill Patients

“…Přitom v živočišné říši se jedná o naprosto fyziologický jev, typický pro období růstů, dospívání i pro těhotné ženy. Podobné nálezy se týkají nejen subkmene obratlovců, ale dokonce i jiných živočišných kmenů (42,89). Inzulinovou rezistenci lze i interpretovat jako selektivní odpověď, jak tkáně či orgány reagují na inzulin.…”

The AMPK-FoxO3A axis as a target for cancer treatment

“…Reduced activity of the insulin/IGF1 pathway was sufficient but not strictly required to extend lifespan in a variety of organisms including worms, flies and mice. 51 Animal experiments indicated that the inverse relationship existing between these two pathways (inhibition of PI3K/ Akt and activation of AMPK) represents an essential intracellular switch for transducing the inhibitory effect of dietary energy restriction on mammary carcinogenesis. 52 Among the several or contributing to the onset of diseases have not been reported to date in FoxO3A locus, except for a chromosomal translocation, t(6; 11), found in a few cases of acute myeloid leukemia, which involves a fusion between MLL and FoxO3A.…”