The role of ingot–crucible thermal contact in mathematical modelling of the heat transfer during electron beam melting

Koleva, Elena; Vutova, Katia; Mladenov, G.

doi:10.1016/s0042-207x(00)00437-1

Cited by 19 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…If EBCHM technology is used, the content of inclusions can be effectively reduced [ 8 ]. Moreover, EBCHM technology has the advantages of high energy density and high vacuum, which can improve the purity of titanium alloys [ 9 ]. The ingots obtained by EBCHM technology can be rolled directly after melting, which simplifies the production process and reduces the cost.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Aging Treatment on Microstructural Evolution and Mechanical Properties of the Electron Beam Cold Hearth Melting Ti-6Al-4V Alloy

Yin²,

Zhi-bin

et al. 2022

Materials

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Ti-6Al-4V (Ti64 or TC4) alloy is widely used in the industrial field. However, there have been few studies of the TC4 alloy melted by electron beam cold hearth melting (EBCHM) technology. Aging treatment has a considerable influence on the secondary α-phase in titanium alloys. Therefore, TC4 alloy melted by EBCHM technology was investigated in this study. The effect of different aging times on the microstructural evolution and mechanical properties of titanium alloy sheets was evaluated. The results showed that, with increase in aging time, the primary α-phase enlarged and grain globularization occurred. In addition, some transformed β-phases disappeared. The strength and Vickers hardness of the heat-treated sheets decreased, while the plasticity increased with increase in aging time, indicating that the mechanical properties developed with evolution of the microstructure. After aging at 560 °C for 2 h, the properties overall were optimal. The type of fracture of the samples was ductile fracture; the dimples became larger with increase in aging time. After heat treatment, the recrystallized nucleus, substructures and HAGBs increased, while the deformed structure and LAGBs decreased. Some grains had rotated following heat treatment, indicating that anisotropy was greatly reduced.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Aging Treatment on Microstructural Evolution and Mechanical Properties of the Electron Beam Cold Hearth Melting Ti-6Al-4V Alloy

Yin²,

Zhi-bin

et al. 2022

Materials

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“…Other parameters used for simulation are listed in Table 2. Boundary types and heat transfer coefficients are given in Table 3 [15]. Here, the value of hi max is assumed constant 1000 W/(m 2 K) and four different values of hi min , 20, 100, 400 and 800 W/(m 2 K), are selected to investigate the influence of the rate of heat extraction on the evolution of microstructure.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling of microstructure formation of Ti–6Al–4V alloy in a cold crucible under electromagnetic field

Liu

et al. 2008

Journal of Alloys and Compounds

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“…By keeping the beam current below specific thresholds (dependent on alloy), vaporization is prevented and thus a keyhole is not created. Thus, the welding heat input and the beam current are significant parameters in enhancing the shape and the structural integrity of the weld and the keyhole stability [83].…”

Section: Electron Beam Weldingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Welding of magnesium and its alloys: an overview of methods and process parameters and their effects on mechanical behaviour and structural integrity of the welds

et al. 2021

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An overview of welding methods and process parameters and its effects on mechanical behaviour and structural integrity of magnesium and its alloys are discussed. These alloys are less dense and beneficial structural alloys for improved energy efficiency, eco-friendliness and driver of circular economic model for sustainable design and innovative ecosystem. While the application of Mg-alloys is projected to increase, understanding the mechanical behaviour and structural integrity of welded joints are critical. Thus, fusion and solid-state welding processes of these alloys are discussed with emphasis on mechanical characterization. Laser welding is the most effective fusion welding technique for most Mg alloys whereas, the predominant solid-state method is friction stir welding. The importance of process variables such as heat inputs, welding velocity (speed) and post weld treatments on the microstructural evolution, on mechanical and physical properties of the distinct zones of the weld joints are described. The weldment is the most susceptible to failure due to phase transformation, defects such as microporosity and relatively coarse grain sizes after solidification. The implication of the design of quality weld joints of Mg alloys are explored with areas for future research directions briefly discussed.

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The role of ingot–crucible thermal contact in mathematical modelling of the heat transfer during electron beam melting

Cited by 19 publications

References 4 publications

Effect of Aging Treatment on Microstructural Evolution and Mechanical Properties of the Electron Beam Cold Hearth Melting Ti-6Al-4V Alloy

Effect of Aging Treatment on Microstructural Evolution and Mechanical Properties of the Electron Beam Cold Hearth Melting Ti-6Al-4V Alloy

Modeling of microstructure formation of Ti–6Al–4V alloy in a cold crucible under electromagnetic field

Welding of magnesium and its alloys: an overview of methods and process parameters and their effects on mechanical behaviour and structural integrity of the welds

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