The role of gut microbiota in the development of type 1, type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity

Abstract

Diabetes is a group of metabolic disorders characterized by persistent hyperglycemia and has become a major public health concern. Autoimmune type 1 diabetes (T1D) and insulin resistant type 2 diabetes (T2D) are the two main types. A combination of genetic and environmental factors contributes to the development of these diseases. Gut microbiota have emerged recently as an essential player in the development of T1D, obesity and T2D. Altered gut microbiota have been strongly linked to disease in both rodent models and humans. Both classic 16S rRNA sequencing and shot-gun metagenomic pyrosequencing analysis have been successfully applied to explore the gut microbiota composition and functionality. This review focuses on the association between gut microbiota and diabetes and discusses the potential mechanisms by which gut microbiota regulate disease development in type 1 diabetes, obesity and type 2 diabetes.

Characterizations of oral microbiota in elderly nursing home residents with diabetes

“…It has become widely recognized that the gut microbiota is closely associated with health and disease in humans. Alterations in the taxonomic and functional composition of gut microbiota have been observed in patients with chronic conditions such as diabetes (8,9), obesity (10,11), and Crohn's disease (12,13), and the composition is reportedly influenced by dietary nutrition (14,15). Similarly, the oral microbiota is also known to change in response to local and general conditions, and is considered to be an indicator of homeostatic deterioration (7,16,17).…”

A bélbakterióta élettani jellemzői és a dysbacteriosis szerepe az elhízásban, inzulinrezisztenciában, diabetesben és metabolikus szindrómában

“…Az intestinalis mikrobióta fontos szerepet játszik a T1DM kialakulásában és inzulinrezisztens T2DM kifejlődésében. Kóros bélmikrobióta szorosan kötődik e kórképekhez mind rágcsálókban, mind emberi modellben [47].…”

Gut Microbiota and Diabetes Mellitus - An Interlinkage

“…These days, gut microbes analysis in diabetic population has increased attention of many researchers to identify the relationship between certain type of gut microbe and DM pathogenesis. Altered gut microbiota in rodents and humans have suggested as an etiology to develop Type 1 diabetes (T1D), Type 2 diabetes (T2D), and obesity [1][2][3]. Similarly, a promising approach using antibacterial drugs, probiotics, and prebiotics further shown intestinal flora modification in obese and diabetes subject that affected body weight, insulin sensitivity, and metabolism [4].…”