The role of growth hormone in male infertility

Shoham, Zeev; Zalel, Yaron; Jacobs, Howard S.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1994.tb03775.x

Cited by 24 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…On the other hand, Ovesen et al (34) showed an increase of sperm motility without any modification of sperm count in nine oligozoospermic patients treated with GH for 12 weeks. In addition, only two out of seven patients with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism showed improved sperm count after GH treatment (19,22,32). The increase of plasma seminal volume after GH treatment in our patients can be attributed to a direct action of IGF-I on prostate epithelial cells (35,36).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

“…On the other hand, a weak sinergic effect on steroidogenesis, without any notable effect on seminal insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) concentration, was demonstrated in eight oligospermic, eugonadal, non-GHdeficient men treated with GH and CG (21). An improvement in spermatogenesis and an increase in serum testosterone levels were reported after combined treatment with pulsatile gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and GH (19,22). In addition, it has been suggested that rGH administration could improve testosterone production induced by CG alone or combined with gonadotropins (23).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 87%

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The effect of chronic treatment with GH on gonadal function in men with isolated GH deficiency

Carani

Granata²,

Rosa³

et al. 1999

European Journal of Endocrinology

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Eleven adult males, previously submitted to neurosurgery because of a pituitary lesion (three with craniopharyngioma, three with clinically non-functioning adenoma and five with macroprolactinoma) were treated with recombinant GH for 12 months after the diagnosis of GH deficiency was made. Circulating FSH, LH, prolactin, testosterone, 17b-estradiol (E 2 ), dehyroepiandrosterone (DHEA-S), androstenedione, 17-OH-progesterone (17OHP), IGF-I, and steroid hormone-binding protein (SHBG) levels were assayed before and after CG test at study entry and 6 and 12 months after GH treatment.A significant increase in plasma IGF-I levels was obtained after 6 and 12 months of GH treatment. In addition, CG-stimulated, but not baseline, testosterone levels showed a significant increase after 6 and 12 months of GH treatment when compared with study entry (9.6Ϯ0.5 and 9.9Ϯ0.5 vs 7.9Ϯ0.5 ng/ ml; P<0.05). Baseline, but not CG-stimulated, serum 17OHP levels were significantly increased only after 12 months of GH treatment (1.7Ϯ0.1 vs 1.4Ϯ0.1 ng/ml; P<0.05). No significant difference was found as far as both basal and CG-stimulated E 2 , androstenedione, DHEA-S and SHBG were concerned. With regards to the semen analysis, only seminal plasma volume was significantly increased after 12 months of GH treatment (2.9Ϯ0.3 vs 1.7Ϯ0.3 ml; P<0.05). No significant change in sperm count, motility and abnormal forms was observed.These data show that GH treatment displays a clear-cut effect upon Leydig cell function and increases the production of seminal plasma volume in fertile adult males with isolated GH deficiency.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 87%

The effect of chronic treatment with GH on gonadal function in men with isolated GH deficiency

Carani

Granata²,

Rosa³

et al. 1999

European Journal of Endocrinology

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“…The reason is the clonidine inability to carry out a reliable GH stimulation in the adult male. (Arq Bras Endocrinol Metab 1999;43/5: 373 -376) Keywords: Growth hormone; GH -clonidine test; Male infertility; GH insufficiency E XISTEM EVIDÊNCIAS DE QUE o GH e o IGF-1 têm papel importante no sistema reprodutor de ambos os sexos (1,2). Essas evidências são melhor comprovadas na mulher, na qual o GH aumenta a produção de estradiol e de progesterona e, também, a divisão celular in vitro das células da granulosa (3).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…Essas evidências são melhor comprovadas na mulher, na qual o GH aumenta a produção de estradiol e de progesterona e, também, a divisão celular in vitro das células da granulosa (3). No homem, o GH e o IGF-1 teriam um efeito facilitador do processo de síntese de testosterona e de espermatogênese (2,4). No entanto, estudos sobre a fisiopatologia do GH e do IGF-1 no homem infértil e, principalmente, sobre a possível ação terapêutica do GH são pouco conclusivos (5,6).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Análise crítica da utilidade do teste de clonidina - hormônio de crescimento (GH) no diagnóstico do homem infértil

Leite

Júnior

1999

Arq Bras Endocrinol Metab

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The aim of this study was to analyse the reliability of the GH -clonidine test (GH-CT) in the diagnosis of a relative GH insufficiency in an infertile male population. Twenty seven pacients were classified in 3 groups according to clonidine dosage. Groups I (clonidine 0.150mg) and II (clonidine 0.200mg) had 9 and 6 oligozoospermic patients, respectively. Group III (clonidine 0.400mg) had 5 oligozoospermic (subgroup IIIa) and 7 normozoospermic patients (subgroup IIIb). Thirty one GH-CT were performed and 29 of them were included in the study. Five (17.2%) normal GH-CT were observed (1 in group I, 1 in group II and 3 in subgroup IIIb). GH responses at 60, 90 and 120 min after clonidine stimulation showed no significant differences in groups I, II and III, neither between subgroups IIIa and IIIb. We conclude that the GH-CT is of no use in the diagnosis of a relative GH insufficiency in the infertile male, irrespective of the clonidine dosage. The reason is the clonidine inability to carry out a reliable GH stimulation in the adult male. (Arq Bras Endocrinol Metab 1999;43/5: 373 -376)Keywords: Growth hormone; GH -clonidine test; Male infertility; GH insufficiency E XISTEM EVIDÊNCIAS DE QUE o GH e o IGF-1 têm papel importante no sistema reprodutor de ambos os sexos (1,2). Essas evidências são melhor comprovadas na mulher, na qual o GH aumenta a produção de estradiol e de progesterona e, também, a divisão celular in vitro das células da granulosa (3). No homem, o GH e o IGF-1 teriam um efeito facilitador do processo de síntese de testosterona e de espermatogênese (2,4). No entanto, estudos sobre a fisiopatologia do GH e do IGF-1 no homem

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“…It is obviously of importance for normal pubertal development and subsequent fertility (1). The development of the genital organs is poor in GH-deficient boys and administration of GH increases the growth of the genitalia (2,3).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lack of effects of recombinant human GH on spermatogenesis in the adult cynomolgus monkey (Macaca fascicularis)

Sjögren

Ekvärn²,

Zühlke

et al. 1999

European Journal of Endocrinology

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Objective: The effects on male reproductive parameters after 1 year of treatment with recombinant human GH to the cynomolgus monkey were investigated. Design: Twenty-four male cynomolgus monkeys were given daily subcutaneous doses of 0 (vehicle) (n = 7), 0.4 (n = 5), 2.0 (n =5) and 10.0 (n = 7) IU/kg bodyweight for 52 weeks. At completion of the treatment period two control and two high-dose animals were left for a 12-week treatment-free period. Methods: Before and during the treatment period and during the recovery period, sperm analyses, testicular volume measurements and hormone analyses of prolactin (PRL), LH, FSH, testosterone and IGF-I in serum, and analysis of serum antibodies against human GH were performed. Testicular morphology was monitored by biopsies, predose and on day 15 of the study, and with light microscopy on organ samples collected at time of death, at the end of the treatment, and during recovery periods respectively. Results: Of all studied parameters, alterations were observed only in serum levels of IGF-I and PRL. IGF-I showed a dose-dependent increase throughout the treatment, with a normalisation during the treatment-free period. PRL decreased significantly in animals given 10.0 IU/kg per day from week 14 of treatment and throughout the study but with a normalisation upon cessation of treatment. Spermatogenesis, as judged from semen analysis, testicular volume measurements and testicular morphology was not affected. Conclusion: This controlled preclinical study demonstrates that high doses of human GH do not alter male reproductive parameters in a non-human primate model.

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The role of growth hormone in male infertility

Cited by 24 publications

References 55 publications

The effect of chronic treatment with GH on gonadal function in men with isolated GH deficiency

The effect of chronic treatment with GH on gonadal function in men with isolated GH deficiency

Análise crítica da utilidade do teste de clonidina - hormônio de crescimento (GH) no diagnóstico do homem infértil

Lack of effects of recombinant human GH on spermatogenesis in the adult cynomolgus monkey (Macaca fascicularis)

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