The Role of Free Radicals in Toxicity of Air Pollutants (Peroxyacyl Nitrates)

Mudd, J.B.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-566502-5.50014-7

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 34 publications

(26 reference statements)

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“…Since very small quantities of PAN are required to produce injury on sensitive plants, it was postulated tbat the toxicant must be affecting enzymes in tbe plant tissue also present in extremely small quantities (Taylor, 1969). Tbere is considerable evidence tbat PAN damage to metabolic reactions in plants is associated with oxidation of sulpbbydryl groups in several of tbe enzymes (Dugger, Koukol & Palmer, 1966;Taylor, 1969;Dugger & Ting, 1970;Mudd, 1976). Conditions which protect enzymes from PAN were equally effective in protecting from sulphhydryl reagents, and enzymes which had no sulphhydryl groups were not affected by PAN (Mudd, 1963).…”

Section: Rate Of Pan Uptake and Susceptibility To Panmentioning

confidence: 99%

Foliar uptake of peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN) by herbaceous species varying in susceptibility to this pollutant

1990

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SUM M A R YFoliar uptake of peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN) was measured by the gas exchange method on nine herbaceous species. Susceptibility to PAN was also examined in the tested species in order to seek correlations with the uptake rate of PAN. PAN was synthesized by the nitration of peracetic acid in /;-tridecane.Uptake rate of PAN by the leaves was kept at a steady level during the 90 min light period, w-hile in the dark it declined rapidly and reached almost zero within 30-^5 min. This suggests that adsorption of PxiXN on to the surface of the leaves is very small and most of it enters the leaf through open stomata.Among the species tested, sunflower showed the highest rate of PAN uptake, followed by radish, tomato and spinach. Maize and soyahean exhibited the lowest rate. .\ highly significant correlation was observed between the rate of PAN uptake and stomatal conductance among the tested species.Petunia was most susceptible to PAN, followed by radish and tobacco, but maize and peanut were tolerant. There was no significant correlation between the uptake rate of PAN and susceptibility to it among the species. A higher susceptibility of petunia to PAN was not characterized by a higher rate of pollutant uptake. These results show that the main factor determining the differences between species in susceptibility to PAN is not the amount that gains access to the tissues, but some internal metabolic processes.

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Section: Rate Of Pan Uptake and Susceptibility To Panmentioning

confidence: 99%

Foliar uptake of peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN) by herbaceous species varying in susceptibility to this pollutant

1990

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“…For many years these emissions have been under discussion as affecting biological functions in animals and humans (Lioy and Daisey 1990) as well as plants (Mudd and Kozlowski 1975;Unsworth and Ormrod 1982;Koziol and Whatley 1984;Schulte-Hostede et al 1988). It has become evident that oxygen activation plays a pivotal role both in atmospheric conversions (Kerr et al 1976) and in toxic functions of these emissions (Menzel 1976;Mudd 1976).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidative destruction of biomolecules by gasoline engine exhaust products and detoxifying effects of the three-way catalytic converter

et al. 1992

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Aqueous solutions of engine exhaust condensation products were derived from cars powered by diesel or four-stroke gasoline engines (with and without three-way catalytic converter). The cars were operated on a static test platform. Samples of the different exhaust solutions accumulated in a Grimmer-type distillation trap (VDI 3872) during standard test programs (Federal Test Procedure) were incubated with important biomolecules. As indicators of reactive oxygen species or oxidative destruction, ascorbic acid, cysteine, glutathione, serum albumin, the enzymes glycerinaldehyde phosphate dehydrogenase and xanthine oxidase, and the oxygen free-radical indicator keto-methylthiobutyrate were used. During and after the incubations, oxygen activation (consumption) and oxidative destruction were determined. Comparison of the oxidative activities of the different types of exhaust condensates clearly showed that the exhaust condensate derived from the four-stroke car equipped with a three-way catalytic converter exhibited by far the lowest oxidative and destructive power.

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Air Pollution: Involvement of Oxygen Radicals (A Mini Review)

Elstner

Oßwald

1991

Free Radical Research Communications

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The Role of Free Radicals in Toxicity of Air Pollutants (Peroxyacyl Nitrates)

Cited by 3 publications

References 34 publications

Foliar uptake of peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN) by herbaceous species varying in susceptibility to this pollutant

Foliar uptake of peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN) by herbaceous species varying in susceptibility to this pollutant

Oxidative destruction of biomolecules by gasoline engine exhaust products and detoxifying effects of the three-way catalytic converter

Air Pollution: Involvement of Oxygen Radicals (A Mini Review)

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