The Role of Free Radicals in Hemolytic Toxicity Induced by Atmospheric‐Pressure Plasma Jet

Abstract

Atmospheric-pressure plasma (APP) has received attention due to its generation of various kinds of reactive oxygen/nitrogen species (ROS/RNS). The controllability, as well as the complexity, is one of the strong points of APP in various applications. For biological applications of this novel method, the cytotoxicity should be estimated at various levels. Herein, we suggest red blood cell (RBC) as a good cell model that is simpler than nucleated cells but much more complex than other lipid model systems. Air and N2 gases were compared to verify the main ROS/RNS in cytotoxicity, and microscopic and spectroscopic analyses were performed to estimate the damages induced on RBCs. The results shown here will provide basic information on APP-induced cytotoxicity at cellular and molecular levels.

Anti-hemolytic, Anti-lipid Peroxidation and Antioxidant Properties of Three Plants Locally Used to Treat Metabolic Disorders: Allium sativum, Persea americana and Citrus sinensis

“…Oxidative damages on membrane of red blood cells, used as a suitable and simplest model system for elucidation of redox mechanisms in this study showed that Allium sativum extracts provide greatest protection (97.7%), preventing lysis and hemolysis compared to Persea americana seed and Citrus sinensis (Figure 2). Because of the absence of nuclei, ribosomes and mitochondria coupled to lack of protein synthesis and mitochondria based oxidative reactions in mammalian RBC, the protection rate observed reflects direct interaction with the membrane (Youn et al, 2017;Zohra & Atik, 2014). Hemolysis which is therefore the result of necrosis and destruction of bilayer membrane due to deformability of its shape (Youn et al, 2017) caused by hyperglycaemia sometimes interferes with glycosylated hemoglobin (Hb1Ac) levels, very important in the diagnosis.…”

“…Because of the absence of nuclei, ribosomes and mitochondria coupled to lack of protein synthesis and mitochondria based oxidative reactions in mammalian RBC, the protection rate observed reflects direct interaction with the membrane (Youn et al, 2017;Zohra & Atik, 2014). Hemolysis which is therefore the result of necrosis and destruction of bilayer membrane due to deformability of its shape (Youn et al, 2017) caused by hyperglycaemia sometimes interferes with glycosylated hemoglobin (Hb1Ac) levels, very important in the diagnosis. Allium sativum protects cell membranes, preventing alteration of lipids and proteins.…”

“…In T2DM patients, hemorheological parameters are often disturbed due to excess glucose concentration in the blood. This affects haematocrit, plasma proteins, erythrocyte aggregation and deformability (Youn et al, 2017). All these disturbances affect blood viscosity of diabetic patients compared to healthy patients (Young, Michael, Mooney & Daniel, 2008).…”

Formation of reactive oxygen species by irradiation of cold atmospheric pressure plasma jet to water depends on the irradiation distance

“…Various reactive species are produced by irradiation of cold atmospheric pressure plasma jet (CAPPJ) to water. (15)(16)(17)(18) However, because there are many parameters that affect CAPPJ properties, such as the content of carrier gas, the flow rate of carrier gas, irradiation time, and irradiation distance, it is important to reveal the effects of each parameter in detail for practical applications of CAPPJ to biological samples. Here, we used CAPPJ with helium as a carrier gas and examined the effect of the distance between the plasma jet nozzle and the water surface of the sample on the generation of reactive species in the solution.…”

Combinatorial Effect of Cold Atmosphere Plasma (CAP) and the Anticancer Drug Cisplatin on Oral Squamous Cell Cancer Therapy

“…Furthermore, Shi et al reported that CAP treatment against cancer cells induces enriched p53 pathway in SCC-15 cells [ 14 ]. Despite these advantages of CAP treatment, some drawbacks have been reported [ 15 , 16 , 17 ]. For example, CAP treatment aroused focal mucosal erosion with superficial ulceration and necrosis with inflammatory reaction, even though these mucosal damages healed within a few days [ 15 ].…”