The Role of Extracellular Vesicles in Colorectal Cancer

Abstract

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a class of spherical vesicles that are produced by active secretion of cells and encapsulated by phospholipid bilayers. In recent years, numerous studies have shown that EVs play pivotal roles in the regulation of intercellular communication between colorectal cancer (CRC) cells and target cells, and can regulate the proliferation, metastasis, and infiltration of tumor cells by regulating the microenvironment of tumor cells. EVs carry specific molecular substances in source CRC cells and are expected to serve as new molecular markers for the detection of cancers. This review highlights the current state of research and progress of potentially incorporating EVs in the diagnosis and treatment of CRC.

Prophylaxis with abemaciclib delays tumorigenesis in dMMR mice by altering immune responses and reducing immunosuppressive extracellular vesicle secretion

“…EVs are secreted from almost all cell types, act as mediators of intracellular communication and are considered early biomarkers of disease [ 48 ]. They may even participate in immunomodulatory oncogenic processes, reshape immune function, and are early indicators of cancer-associated thrombosis [ [49] , [50] , [51] ]. Here, we studied EVs at the experimental endpoint with a focus on immune modulation and coagulation.…”

Extracellular Vesicles in Kidney Disease

“…EVs are a type of disc-shape vesicles with single concave, secreted by active cell and enveloped by phospholipid bilayers [38], with sizes ranging from nanometers to micrometers [39][40][41][42]. EVs grow out from the straight sprout of small vesicles wrapped in membranes or through blend on the superficial multivesicular bodies, engage in the intercellular commutation of materials and message, with cargo proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids (microRNA, messenger RNA, circ RNA, and lncRNA, etc.)…”

Advanced extracellular vesicle bioinformatic nanomaterials: from enrichment, decoding to clinical diagnostics

“…Colorectal cancer is a malignant tumor of the gastrointestinal tract, and the global incidence rate is on the rise. Disease detection is inefficient due to the lack of early symptoms and late metastasis, leading to higher mortality [ 100 ]. Therefore, accurate and early detection is of great significance for the prevention and control of CRC.…”