The Role of Extracellular Matrix Proteins in the Urinary Tract: A Literature Review

Abstract

The extracellular matrix ECM is a noncellular component with a crucial role on tissue morphogenesis, differentiation and hemostasis within all tissues and organs. With advancement in the technology and increased data on ECM components, it was realized that many conditions in urinary tract have a close relation with the composition of ECM in the affected tissue. According to some basic research studies, ECM composition may give us important information about the prognosis and progression of disease in addition to the cause and pathophysiology of the diseases such as congenital ureterovesical and ureteropelvic junction obstruction. Afterwards, with better understanding of ECM one can develop new treatment and follow-up models. This chapter will summarize the evidence-based role of ECM in urinary tract conditions.

Untitled

“…The ECM protein components are also classified in structural such as collagen and elastin and adhesive as fibronectin and laminin. 12,13 The bladder ECM is composed of proteins, proteoglycans and GAGs that provides support to bladder cells and components, playing an important role in protecting the urothelium and in urine storage. The GAGs protective membrane (main chondroitin) that covers the urothelial cells form a barrier against several toxic substances.…”