The role of different organic amendments to improve maize growth in wastewater irrigated soil

Bashir, Saqib; Bashir, Safdar; Gulshan, Allah Bakhsh; Khan, Muhammad Jamal; Iqbal, Javaid; Sherani, Javeria; Husain, Arif; Ahmed, Niaz; Shah, Adnan Noor; Bukhari, Muhammad Adnan; Alotaibi, Saqer S.; El-Shehawi, Ahmed M.; Diao, Zeng-Hui

doi:10.1016/j.jksus.2021.101583

Cited by 19 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…in Lahore, Faisalabad, Attock (Rashid et al, 2018), Sargodha (Ahmad et al, 2019), in Karachi (Shehnaz et al, 2019;Aziz et al, 2021) and Sawabi (Ali et al, 2021). On the other, studies have revealed that only 2% of cities are availing wastewater treatment systems in Pakistan, whilst 80% of the cities use untreated discharge for irrigation purposes (Ullah et al, 2018;Shahid et al, 2020;Bashir et al, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…in Lahore, Faisalabad, Attock ( Rashid et al., 2018 ), Sargodha ( Ahmad et al., 2019 ), in Karachi ( Shehnaz et al., 2019 ; Aziz et al., 2021 ) and Sawabi ( Ali et al., 2021 ). On the other, studies have revealed that only 2% of cities are availing wastewater treatment systems in Pakistan, whilst 80% of the cities use untreated discharge for irrigation purposes ( Ullah et al., 2018 ; Shahid et al., 2020 ; Bashir et al., 2021 ). Estimates have revealed that >960 thousand million gallons of municipal (> 675) and industrial (>290) wastewater is generated annually ( WB-SCEA, 2006 ), and is adding heavy metals into the intact environment ( Sial et al., 2006 ; Riaz et al., 2020 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Amassing of heavy metals in soils, vegetables and crop plants irrigated with wastewater: Health risk assessment of heavy metals in Dera Ghazi Khan, Punjab, Pakistan

et al. 2023

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Human health is the main concern related to use of crop products irrigated with contaminated irrigation sources. Present research has been conducted to explore heavy metal status of sewage and industrial wastewater being used up for irrigation purpose in the peri-urban areas of the district Dera Ghazi Khan which has not been explored widely before. The analysis also followed heavy metal detection in the subsequent irrigated soil and vegetables/crop plants in relation to assessment of health risk to the consumer to plan the future monitoring in this area. An unremitting boost of heavy metals into the environment from wastewater irrigation has become a global issue. These heavy metals enter the food chain and pose health assumptions to consumers upon utilization. In the present study, an investigation has been conducted to determine metal concentrations in the wastewater, soil, and different plant species. For wastewater samples, pH, total dissolved solids (TDS), electrical conductivity (EC), and selected heavy metals such as Al, As, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Pb, Zn, and Ni were determined. The mean values of heavy metals in the soil samples were within the WHO/FAO safe limit, while Cr and Pb were the most frequent (100%) among the metals. However, differentiating the sites, the concentration of Cr and Cu, Ni, and Fe were elevated. The metal transfer was highly effective from soil to the growing plants i.e. brinjal, red corn, wheat, tomato, and spinach than other plant species. Among the metals, Cr, Ni, Mn, and Pb in plant samples were exceeding the WHO/FAO safe limit. Health risk index (HRI) have revealed the possible potential risk of heavy metal contaminated plant species in the order of spinach (6.4) > wheat (6.4) > brinjal (5.9) > tomato (4.7) > red corn (4.5) > apple gourd (4.3) > white corn (3.8) > cabbage (3.1) > luffa (2.9). Likewise, HRI of different metals was calculated as Cu (19.6) > Zn (17.9) > Cr (2.95) > Ni (0.85) > Mn (0.48) > Fe (0.15) > Cd (0.11) > Pb (0.05) > As (0.00001). The level of HRI through the use of dietary plants revealed an elevated risk level than the acceptable limit (HRI > 1) for Cu > Zn > Cr in adults. Our findings suggest that there would be a serious health risk to the consumers due to the consumption of these plant species being irrigated with the wastewater. Therefore, a strict regulatory mechanism is proposed for the safety of food plants in the study area including monitoring and recycling of crop plants, and building water treatment plants to remove pollutants and clean wastewater.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Amassing of heavy metals in soils, vegetables and crop plants irrigated with wastewater: Health risk assessment of heavy metals in Dera Ghazi Khan, Punjab, Pakistan

et al. 2023

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“…Nevertheless, nitrogen fertilizer is one of the most significant variables for crop development, high yield, its components, and quality, as nitrogen is needed to produce a variety of chemicals including chlorophyll and several enzymes. As a result, several researchers have discovered that increasing nitrogen availability improves maize yield (Oraby et al, 2005;Mansour, 2009;Rasmussen et al, 2015;Wasaya et al, 2017;Gheith et al, 2018;Bashir et al, 2021;Shah et al, 2021b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maize (Zea mays L.) Productivity and Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Response to Nitrogen Application Levels and Time

et al. 2022

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Productivity of maize (Zea mays L.) and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) as affected by nitrogen application levels and timing were studied. The experimental design was a three-replication randomized complete block design (RCBD). The first factor was nitrogen levels (122, 240, 288 and 336 kg N/ha) and the second factor was nitrogen timing (50% of N at sowing and 50% of N before the first irrigation; T1, 50% of N at sowing and 50% of N before the second irrigation; T2 and 50% of N before the first irrigation and 50% of N before the second irrigation; T3). Results indicated that plant height, ear length, kernel weight, number of grains/rows, number of grains/ear and grain yields all increased significantly as nitrogen levels increased and the level of 336 kg N/ha significantly exhibiting the highest values in both seasons. In terms of nitrogen application time, maize yield parameters such as plant height, ear length, kernel weight/ear, number of grains/rows, number of grains/ear and grain yield were significantly affected by nitrogen timing, with the highest values obtained at T3 while the lowest values obtained at T1 in both seasons. The interaction had a significant impact on plant height and grain yield/ha, with the tallest plants, the highest yields and its components observed at 336 kg N/ha, with 50% of N applied during the first irrigation and 50% of N applied during the second. Furthermore, under the study conditions, NUE decreased dramatically as nitrogen levels increased and increased significantly as nitrogen application time changed.

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“…Similarly, press mud also contains functional groups such as hydroxyl ions that play an important role in the adsorption of metals [32]. Moreover, the addition of press mud also improves the soil health and soil structure which, therefore, reduces the accumulation of metals in plant tissues [33]. The application of SPM increases the Cd immobilization in soil owing to the presence of organic matter which, therefore, improves crop growth, productivity and reduces subsequent Cd accumulation in plant parts [31].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitigation of Cadmium Induced Oxidative Stress by Using Organic Amendments to Improve the Growth and Yield of Mash Beans [Vigna mungo (L.)]

et al. 2021

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Cadmium (Cd) stress is a serious environmental hazard that has devastating impacts on plant growth and productivity. Moreover, the entrance of Cd into the human food chain by eating Cd-contaminated food also poses serious health issues. Organic amendments (OA) possess an excellent potential to reduce the adverse impacts of Cd stress. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the potential of different OA in improving the mash beans growth and yield grown under Cd-contaminated soil. The soil was spiked with different concentrations of Cd (0, 10 and 20 mg/kg) and subjected to different OA, i.e., control, cow manure (5%), sugarcane press mud (5%) and a combination of cow manure (2.5%) and sugarcane press mud (2.5%). Results indicated that Cd stress induced a significant reduction in growth and yield traits, leaf water status, photosynthetic pigments, protein accumulation and anti-oxidant activities. However, the application of OA appreciably reduced the Cd-induced toxic effects and caused a significant increase in growth and yield. The application of 5% sugarcane press mud remained the top performer and it increased the mash bean growth and yield through improved photosynthetic pigments, leaf water status (56%) and reduced Cd uptake (18%), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) production (38.52%), electrolyte leakage (EL) (42.13%) malondialdehyde (MDA) accumulation (55.88%) and increased accumulation of soluble protein (60.15%) and free amino acids (54%) through improved activities of anti-oxidant enzymes. Therefore, these findings suggested that the application of sugarcane press mud enhanced the growth and yield through reduced Cd accumulation, enhanced photosynthetic pigments, leaf water status, protein and amino accumulation and reduced H2O2, EL and MDA accumulation through a stronger anti-oxidant defense system.

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The role of different organic amendments to improve maize growth in wastewater irrigated soil

Cited by 19 publications

References 37 publications

Amassing of heavy metals in soils, vegetables and crop plants irrigated with wastewater: Health risk assessment of heavy metals in Dera Ghazi Khan, Punjab, Pakistan

Amassing of heavy metals in soils, vegetables and crop plants irrigated with wastewater: Health risk assessment of heavy metals in Dera Ghazi Khan, Punjab, Pakistan

Maize (Zea mays L.) Productivity and Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Response to Nitrogen Application Levels and Time

Mitigation of Cadmium Induced Oxidative Stress by Using Organic Amendments to Improve the Growth and Yield of Mash Beans [Vigna mungo (L.)]

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