The Role of Cyclooxygenase-2 in Colorectal Carcinogenesis

Liu, Yongsong; Sun, Hong; Hu, Min; Zhang, Yuan; Chen, Shuangling; Tighe, Sean; Zhu, Yingting

doi:10.1016/j.clcc.2016.09.012

Cited by 52 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 112 publications

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“…To date, there is increasing evidence that the expression of COX2 is upregulated in a variety of human cancers, such as colorectal, skin, liver, breast, and lung cancers (29)(30)(31)(32)(33). Elevated COX2 expression also has been detected in malignant ovarian tumors, and high levels of COX2 expression are correlated with poor prognosis and decreased overall survival in human ovarian cancer (9,23).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gonadotropins promote human ovarian cancer cell migration and invasion via a cyclooxygenase 2-dependent pathway

et al. 2017

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It is generally accepted that ovarian cancer is associated with local elevation of gonadotropins (FSH and LH), with repeated ovulation and accompanying expression of inducible cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2). However, the roles of gonadotropins and the concomitant elevation of COX2 in the development of ovarian cancer have not been fully characterized. Herein, we report that excessive FSH/LH exposure did not induce proliferation in ovarian cancer cell lines but significantly promoted cell migration and invasion. Moreover, FSH/LH treatment rapidly upregulated COX2 expression within 24 h, whereas COX1 expression remained unchanged. Further results showed that enhancement of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and upregulation of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)2 and MMP9 contributed to the stimulatory effect of gonadotropins on cell migration and invasion; these effects were sufficiently blocked by a selective COX2 inhibitor. In conclusion, the present study suggests that gonadotropin-induced migration and invasion in ovarian cancer may be caused by EMT and MMP upregulation via a COX2-dependent pathway.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gonadotropins promote human ovarian cancer cell migration and invasion via a cyclooxygenase 2-dependent pathway

et al. 2017

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“…According to Liu et al [17], COX-2 expression is one of the factors that play an important role in the progression of colorectal cancer. This is because COX-2 mediates the formation of PGE2, which triggers the activation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway; this, in turn, initiates a series of processes that lead to the abnormal proliferation of colon cells.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhibition of Cox-2 Expression by Lunasin-Rich Soybean Extract on Colorectal Cancer

et al. 2019

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Objective: The incidence of colorectal cancer has been growing faster than most other cancers in the past decade, especially in developing countries. One of the substances that is currently being investigated as potential chemopreventive agent is lunasin, which is contained in soybeans. This research explored the effect of lunasin on COX-2 expression in the distal colons of mice in which colorectal carcinogenesis was induced with azoxymethane (AOM) and dextran sodium sulfate (DSS). Methods: A total of 30 Swiss Webster mice were separated into six groups. In five of the groups—a negative control group, positive control group, and three intervention groups—carcinogenesis was induced with AOM and DSS; the sixth group received no interventions. Lunasin-rich soybean extracts were given in doses of 250, 300, and 350 mg/kgBW for 6 w to the intervention groups Immunohistochemical staining of COX-2 was then carried out on tissue samples from the distal colons of mice that had been sacrificed. The samples were microscopically assessed and photographed, and cell counts were performed using the Image J application. COX-2 expression is reported in the form of an optical density score (ODS). Results: Significant differences between the negative control and the intervention groups were found at the 300 mg/kgBW (p = 0.047) and 350 mg/kgBW (p = 0.016) lunasin dosage levels. Conclusions: This demonstrates that administration of lunasin-rich soy extracts can inhibit COX-2 expression in cryptic epithelial cells of the distal colon in mice with carcinogenesis induced by AOM and DSS.

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“…induced the nitric oxide (NO) generation and subsequently increased the PTGS2 activity, thereby increasing prostaglandin E2 production, which increased cell proliferation, promoted inflammatory reaction and inhibited tumor cell apoptosis in CRC carcinogenesis in humans and rodents [44,45].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Mixed Cereal Grains Ameliorate the Azoxymethane and Dextran Sodium Sulfate-Induced Colonic Carcinogenesis in C57BL/6J Mice

Song¹,

Wang²,

Lee³

et al. 2019

Preprint

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The chemopreventive effects of various mixed cereal grain (MCG) samples on azoxymethane (AOM, 10 mg/kg) and dextran sulfate sodium (DSS, 2% w/v)-induced colorectal cancer (CRC) in C57BL/6J mice were studied. The main MCG preparation consisted of fermented brown rice (FBR), glutinous brown rice, glutinous Sorghum bicolor, glutinous Panicum miliaceum, Coix lacryma-jobi and black soybean at an appropriate mixing ratio. Other MCG preparations contained rice coated with 5% Phellinus linteus and 5% Curcuma longa (MGR-PC), or 10% Phellinus linteus (MCG-P), or 10% Curcuma longa (MCG-C). Consumption of dietary MCG-PC by CRC mice significantly increased colon length, decreased the ratio of colon weight to length, and reduced the number of colon tumors. Similar effects, although to a lower extent, were observed in CRC mice fed with MCG-P, followed by those fed with MCG-C, MCG, FBR or white rice (WR). MCG-PC significantly suppressed colonic neoplasia, and decreased the levels of various cytokines (tumor necrosis factor: Tnf, interleukin 1 beta: Il1b, interleukin 6: Il6, and interferon gamma: Ifng) in serum and colon tissue of the CRC mice. In addition, MCG-PC increased the mRNA expressions of tumor protein p53(Tp53) and cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A(Cdkn1a), activated pro-apoptotic caspase 3(Casp3), and reduced expression of both mRNA and protein of inducible inducible nitric oxide synthase 2 (Nos2), prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (Ptgs2), and cyclin D1(Ccnd1) in colon tissue. These findings suggest that than compared with other cereal grain preparations, MCG-PC had a greater activity against AOM/DSS-induced CRC by reducing intestinal inflammation, and modulating the expression of certain carcinogenesis related factors (Nos2, Ptgs2, Tp53, Cdkn1a, Ccnd1 and Casp3) in colon tissue of CRC mice.

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The Role of Cyclooxygenase-2 in Colorectal Carcinogenesis

Cited by 52 publications

References 112 publications

Gonadotropins promote human ovarian cancer cell migration and invasion via a cyclooxygenase 2-dependent pathway

Gonadotropins promote human ovarian cancer cell migration and invasion via a cyclooxygenase 2-dependent pathway

Inhibition of Cox-2 Expression by Lunasin-Rich Soybean Extract on Colorectal Cancer

Dietary Mixed Cereal Grains Ameliorate the Azoxymethane and Dextran Sodium Sulfate-Induced Colonic Carcinogenesis in C57BL/6J Mice

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