“…Moreover, the earlier studies, mainly those published prior to 1940 (A. C. Anderson, 1940;Magdsick, 1936), have been criticized because of methodological deficiencies. In addition, the authors used different terms to describe the same phenomenon observed after positively and negatively reinforced task: "reminiscence" (Bovet, Bovet-Nitti, & Oliverio, 1969;Jaffard, Destrade, Soumireu-Mourat, & Cardo, 1974), "incubation" (Geller & Jarvik, 1970;Pinel & Cooper, 1966), or simply "improvement of performance" (Gisquet-Verrier & Alexinsky, 1986;Stanes, Brown, & Singer, 1976). For these reasons, the existence of this fluctuation of retention performance as a real feature of memory processes has been largely ignored.…”