The Role of Colour in Categorial Judgements

Davidoff, Jules; Ostergaard, Arne L.

doi:10.1080/02724988843000069

Cited by 82 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…These results are consistent with those of experiments measuring differences in accuracy between colored and black-and-white stimuli (Tanaka & Bunosky, 1993;Wurm et aI., 1993). They are also consistent with results of object identification and classification tasks showing that color facilitates reaction time for items that have learned colors (Davidoff & Ostergaard, 1988;Murphy, 1991;Ostergaard & Davidoff, 1985;Price & Humphreys, 1989;Tanaka & Bunosky, 1993). cific color value.…”

Section: Representation Of Colorsupporting

confidence: 76%

“…In both classification and identification tasks, advantages for color effects are observed most consistently for well-learned items. For example, in object identification tasks, color decreases reaction time only for natural objects, not for geometric shapes (Davidoff& Ostergaard, 1988;Ostergaard & Davidoff, 1985;Price & Humphreys, 1989). Similarly, subjects are faster to respond to high color-diagnostic items, such as a yellow banana, than to low color-diagnostic items, such as a red hammer (Tanaka & Bunosky, 1993).…”

Section: Representation Of Colormentioning

confidence: 99%

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The representation of color and form in long-term memory

Hanna

Remington

1996

Memory & Cognition

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Color and form are elementary stimulus encoding dimensions that have effects on the representation of visual stimuli at early processing stages. Little is known, however, about their effects on visuallong-term memory. In three experiments we investigated whether color is part of the memory representation, whether color and form are bound in the memory representation, and the effect of color context on memory performance. Experimental results suggest that color is part of the memory representation and that color and form can be represented separately in memory and accessed independently. Wesuggest that the binding of color and form is a deliberate strategic act that requires focal attention, not a natural consequence of processing visual stimuli. We compare our results with the predictions of two computational memory models regarding feature binding. The effect of color context was not straightforward; however, results are consistent with the encoding specificity principle.For most people, color is an integral property ofthe visual experience. Natural scenes include items whose colors not only enrich our sensory experience but also play an important role in our organization of the visual world. Imagine, for example, a group playing on the lawn of a yellow house. The group might include a man wearing a blue shirt playing with a child wearing green overalls and a dog with an orange ball. Here the varied colors of objects help segregate the world into meaningful objects. This is in contrast to camouflage, where color and color patterns obscure the boundaries between objects. The widespread success of camouflage in nature attests to the importance ofcolor in scene segmentation and hence object identification. Animals have successfully exploited this violation of natural object-color boundaries to confound predators.In the following experiments, we seek the answers to three questions. First, we are interested in determining whether color is part ofthe long-term memory representation for an object. Second, we are interested in determining whether the color context in which an item is encoded is important for its later recognition. Third, we are

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Section: Representation Of Colorsupporting

confidence: 76%

Section: Representation Of Colormentioning

confidence: 99%

The representation of color and form in long-term memory

Hanna

Remington

1996

Memory & Cognition

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“…In addition, it was demonstrated by Price and Humphreys (1989) that brightness/texture gradients (photographic detail) aVect object recognition and naming. Other studies have found that appropriately colored objects are recognized faster than monochrome objects and inappropriately colored objects (Naor-Raz, Tarr, & Kersten, 2003;Price & Humphreys, 1989) or that color does not aVect categorical judgments but the facilitation occurs in object naming tasks (DavidoV & Ostergaard, 1988). On the other hand, Bierderman and Ju (1988) argue that edge-based representations are crucial for object recognition and the objects should be recognized as easily when represented by edge information as when represented by other types of information (e.g., color photos, which contain surface information such as color, texture, and relative brightness).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Color makes a difference: Two-dimensional object naming in literate and illiterate subjects

Reis

Faísca

Ingvar

et al. 2006

Brain and Cognition

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Previous work has shown that illiterate subjects are better at naming two-dimensional representations of real objects when presented as colored photos as compared to black and white drawings. This raises the question if color or textural details selectively improve object recognition and naming in illiterate compared to literate subjects. In this study, we investigated whether the surface texture and/or color of objects is used to access stored object knowledge in illiterate subjects. A group of illiterate subjects and a matched literate control group were compared on an immediate object naming task with four conditions: color and black and white (i.e., grey-scaled) photos, as well as color and black and white (i.e., grey-scaled) drawings of common everyday objects. The results show that illiterate subjects perform signiWcantly better when the stimuli are colored and this eVect is independent of the photographic detail. In addition, there were signiWcant diVerences between the literacy groups in the black and white condition for both drawings and photos. These results suggest that color object information contributes to object recognition. This eVect was particularly prominent in the illiterate group. 

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“…Algunos investigadores han postulado la importancia de los detalles de la superficie tales como el color y la textura (Davidoff & Ostergaard, 1988). Las primeras investigaciones no reportaban diferencias en el desempeño de sujetos controles en tareas semánticas utilizando dibujos en blanco y negro o con color (Davidoff & Ostergaard, 1988;Ostergaard & Davidoff, 1985), así como tampoco en los tiempos requeridos para denominar dibujos lineales simples o fotografías en color (Biederman & Ju, 1988). Bastaba la forma del dibujo para acceder a la representación conceptual.…”

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Seres vivos y artefactos: ¿efectos categoriales producto de la ausencia de color en tareas de denominación de dibujos?

Martínez-Cuitiño

Jaichenco

2015

PSYWRIT

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57Los pacientes con lesiones cerebrales adquiridas pueden presentar dificultades para el procesamiento de una única categoría semántica. El dominio de seres vivos se altera con mayor frecuencia. Los resultados obtenidos en tareas de denominación en controles son aún contradictorios. La mayor parte de las investigaciones reportan una ventaja significativa para seres vivos en promedio de aciertos y velocidad de respuesta. No obstante, dependiendo del tipo de material utilizado, algunos trabajos identificaron una ventaja para artefactos. Con frecuencia se utilizan dibujos sin color, omitiendo el atributo perceptual "color" fundamental en el procesamiento de seres vivos. El objetivo de este trabajo es evaluar, en un grupo de controles jóvenes, posibles diferencias en la denominación de seres vivos y artefactos con una tarea de denominación con tiempos de respuesta omitiendo el atributo semántico color. Los estímulos se emparejaron en las principales variables psicolingüísticas: acuerdo en el nombre, complejidad visual, frecuencia léxica, familiaridad conceptual, edad de adquisición, cantidad de sílabas y número de fonemas. Los resultados muestran que los artefactos se denominan con mayor precisión y velocidad. Asimismo las categorías incluidas en el dominio de artefactos obtienen una ventaja significativa frente a las de seres vivos pero sólo en las que el atributo perceptual color es fundamental (animales y frutas/verduras). Esto no ocurre con la categoría de partes de cuerpo en la que este atributo no es fundamental para su reconocimiento.Palabras Clave: Memoria Semántica; Denominación; Dominios; Categorías semánticas.Patients with acquired brain injury may have difficulties in processing a unique semantic category. In patients with the most common semantic deficits, living things is the most commonly compromised domain. Nevertheless, the results of assessing healthy participants are contradictory. Most studies with healthy participants reported better performance with the category of living things, whereas other studies have reported better performance with artifacts, depending on the type of material used. Although researchers generally use black-and-white pictures to assess semantic categories, this kind of material omits an essential perceptual attribute in processing living things: colour. This study assessed a group of young healthy participants to determine differences in naming living things and artifacts in a naming task using black-and-white pictures. The stimuli used were matched according to the major lexical-semantic variables: name agreement, visual complexity, lexical frequency, conceptual familiarity, age of acquisition, number of syllables, and number of phonemes. The results show that healthy participants are more accurate and faster at naming when categorizing artifacts and that artifacts have an advantage over the category living things in which colour is a key attribute (animals and fruits/vegetables). This advantage is lost in relation to the category body parts in which colour is not an esse...

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The Role of Colour in Categorial Judgements

Cited by 82 publications

References 22 publications

The representation of color and form in long-term memory

The representation of color and form in long-term memory

Color makes a difference: Two-dimensional object naming in literate and illiterate subjects

Seres vivos y artefactos: ¿efectos categoriales producto de la ausencia de color en tareas de denominación de dibujos?

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