The Role of CD4 Count Pattern in HIV Seropositive Patients in Western Part of India

Abstract

Introduction: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is the most dreadful disease & a major global health issue affecting mankind.CD4 cell count is one of most important investigations for evaluation of HIV infected patient. Our aim was to assess the CD4 count pattern in seropositive patients. Material &Methods: A study was conducted on 300 seropositive patients attending ICTC in Department of Microbiology at the tertiary care hospital, fulfilling inclusion and exclusion criteria, all above the age of 15 years, were studied for a period of 20months.In this study the CD4 counts estimated at the time of baseline (Pre ART), after 6 months and 12 months of (Post ART). Results: Mean of CD4 count on baseline (Pre ART) was 318.56±230.01. It improved to the 426.16±239.57 cells/mm3 after 6th months and 524.40±246.84 cells/mm3 after 12th months of ART. Mean CD4 counts in males was 298.56 ±220.92 and in females was 346.60 ±240.38 at baseline (Pre ART). Females showed significant improvement than males. Post ART after 6 months there were increase in number of patients from 89 to 149(55.39%) in >350 CD4 cells range, this is further increase to 205 (76.21%) patients after 12 months. Number of patients with an increasing trend of CD4 counts were seen in 224 (83.27%)patients at 6 months and 241 (89.59%) patients at 12th months, whereas 45 (16.73%) patients had a decreased trend in CD4 counts at post 6thmonths and 27 (10.04%) patients at 12th months of ART. Conclusion: The CD4 count is the hallmark surrogate marker for assessing prognosis in HIV infected patients. The programme needs to ensure that maximum number of patients are tested for HIV and linked to the ART centres. Key words: Antiretroviral therapy, CD4 count, HIV, HIV prognosis.

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