The role of attachment styles and perceived social support in prediction of methamphetamine abuse

Farnia, Vahid; Alikhani, Mostafa; Jalali, Amir; Golshani, Sanobar; Salemi, Safora; Hookari, Sara; Moradi, Masoud; Juibari, Toraj Ahmadi

doi:10.1080/14659891.2018.1436598

Cited by 12 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Family and social supports in every aspect throughout the treatment and rehabilitation process can be a key factor to prevent relapse [ 4 ]. Researches have shown that challenges like undesirable social-economic condition [ 3 , 5 ], poor family support [ 6 ], inadequate perceived social support [ 4 ], inter-personal conflicts, stigmatization and discrimination are normally experienced by PWUD care-seekers under treatment [ 4 , 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such interactions boost one’s self-esteem and self-efficacy and make them more persistent to continue the rehabilitation process [ 10 ]. Social support can be an important factor in continuing treatment as well as preventing relapse in PWUD s [ 7 ]. Social support can help them in the difficult process of rehabilitation by creating a sense of empathy and acceptance [ 11 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are general tools to measure social support, which are used for PWUD s as well [ 4 , 7 , 12 ]. The Community Assessment Inventory (CAI) is a social support assessment tool designed by Brown et al (2004) for PWUDs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Validation and psychometric properties of the community assessment inventory in Iranian persons who use drug

Salari

Jalali

Abdam

et al. 2020

Subst Abuse Treat Prev Policy

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Objective Social support is a key factor in the treatment and rehabilitation process of persons who use drug (PWUD). This highlights the need for a valid and reliable tool for assessing social support. The cultural and psychometric properties of community assessment inventory (CAI) in PWUDs under methadone therapy were examined in Iran in 2019. Methods The study was carried out as a validation and methodological study. At first, the original tool was translated into Farsi using forward-backward method. After ensuring face validity and content validity, construct reliability of the tool was supported using explorative and confirmatory factor analysis (EFA & CFA) using a sample group of 392 participants. The participants were selected through convenient-quota sampling from 24 drug clinics. Reliability of the questionnaire was supported using Pearson correlation coefficient and internal consistency based on Cronbach’s alpha. Results To determine content validity of the tool, CVI and CVR of it were obtained, which were on average equal to 0.79 and 0.59 respectively. The EFA supported correlation of the 37itmes of the tool (KMO = 0.975, Chi-square = 15,051.6, P value= 0.0001). The main indices of the model, based on CFA were higher than 0.9, which support goodness of fit of the model (χ2/DF = 2.98, CFI = 0.91, NFI, TLI = 0.905 GF = 0.92, REMSEA = 0.07, R2 = 0.99). Reliability of the tool based on internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha) for the subscales were in 0.8–0.95 interval and equal to 0.85 for the whole tool. Conclusion As the results showed, CAI had acceptable indices for Iranian PWUDs under methadone therapy. The tool can be used for assessing social support level in the study population. It is a reliable and valid tool for studies in pertinent fields.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Validation and psychometric properties of the community assessment inventory in Iranian persons who use drug

Salari

Jalali

Abdam

et al. 2020

Subst Abuse Treat Prev Policy

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“…Opium's are chemical drugs with stupefying effects. 2 On the other hand, industrial drugs are a combination of traditional drugs with chemical drugs. 2 Among the industrial drugs, methamphetamine can be mentioned.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distress tolerance in methamphetamine and opium abusers with non-drug abuser (A comparative analysis)

Shakeri

Farnia

Davarinejad

et al. 2020

Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health

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Evidence suggests that the way of enduring emotional distress plays a role in the tendency of people to abuse drugs. Accordingly, the present study aims to compare the distress tolerance in metamphetamines and drug abusers with non-drug abusers. Methodology: The current study is an analytical study. The statistical population includes all the patients abusing methamphetamine and opium as well as non-drug abuser individuals visiting Farabi Hospital of Kermanshah in western Iran in 2018. Among the population, 202 individuals (50 individuals abusing methamphetamine, 52 individuals abusing opium, and 100 non-addicted individuals) were selected using convenient sampling, and then they were approximately matched based on demographic variables. The data were collected using the Distress Tolerance Scale developed by Simons and Gaher and were analyzed using multi-variate analysis of variance (MANOVA) and one-way analysis of variance in SPSS20 statistical software application. Results: The finding analysis showed that the score of the concept of absorption by negative emotions (The subscale of distress tolerance) was significantly different between non-drug abusers and methamphetamine abusers (P < 0.05). The mean scores of distress mental evaluation and the overall score of emotional distress tolerance were also statistically significant between non-drug abusers and methamphetamine abusers as well as non-drug abusers and opium abusers. However, this difference was not significant between methamphetamine abusers and opioid abusers (P > 0.05). Conclusion:The findings of the current study show that patients abusing opium and methamphetamine are less capable of tolerating distress compared to non-drug abuser.

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“…Although many studies have been done on the side effects of methamphetamine throughout the world, most of them have been carried out quantitatively and experimentally. Crystal meth is produced in more different conditions in Iran [38,39]. Therefore, it has effects different from those of drugs produced in other countries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Consequences of Methamphetamine use in Tehran: Qualitative Content Analysis

Lebni

Ziapour

Qorbani

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: In recent years, methamphetamine use has increased noticeably in Iran, and this can have harmful consequences for the health of individuals and society. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate The Consequences of methamphetamine use in Tehran.Methods: This qualitative content analysis study was carried out by using conventional approach. Date were collected through observation and in-depth interview with 20 users of methamphetamine adult in Tehran (15 males and 5 female). Participants were selected through snowball and purposeful sampling method which continued until data saturation. Guba and Lincoln criteria were used to assess the strength of the research.Results: The extraction of the codes resulted in three main categories, including: 1. The short-term consequences, consisting of the sub-categories of individual and social consequences 2. The long-term consequences, consisting of the sub-categories of psychological, physical and behavioral consequences, severely decayed memory and changes in the eating pattern. 3. Illusions including the sub-categories of visual and auditory illusions, illusion of suspicion and illusion of having supernatural power.Conclusion: Methamphetamine use has serious adverse effects on overall health of individuals. Therefore, implementing educational programs in order to raise awareness and changing attitudes about the short and long term consequences of using methamphetamine in high risk group is highly recommended.

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The role of attachment styles and perceived social support in prediction of methamphetamine abuse

Cited by 12 publications

References 32 publications

Validation and psychometric properties of the community assessment inventory in Iranian persons who use drug

Validation and psychometric properties of the community assessment inventory in Iranian persons who use drug

Distress tolerance in methamphetamine and opium abusers with non-drug abuser (A comparative analysis)

The Consequences of Methamphetamine use in Tehran: Qualitative Content Analysis

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