Introduction: Health seeking behavior (HSB) is a highly important concept for assessment of health access and services. This study was performed to evaluate the validity and reliability of the Persian version of the Questionnaire of Health Seeking Behavior of women living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Material and methods: After obtaining permission from the questionnaire author we started our study in April 2018. We used the forward-backward method according to World Health Organization guidelines. In the first stage, qualitative assessment for assessing face and content validity was done by using 10 experts' and 10 HIV-positive women's ideas during panel and quantitative assessment was done using the content validity ratio (CVR) and content validity index (CVI). Reliability assessment was done among 80 HIV women by Cronbach's α. We conducted a pre-test among 10 HIV-positive women to discover any possible problems or issues. Results: Internal reliability, and construct validity of the questionnaire were determined among expert and HIV-positive women participants. Overall internal reliability (Cronbach's α = 0.81) was high. SPSS 16 was used to analyze data, using analytical statistical methods including the χ 2 test. After considering the quality of validity and the content of comments, the values of all the items, such as the CVI 0.93 and CVR 0.97, were obtained. Conclusions: The results represented the validity and reliability of the Persian version of the questionnaire to estimate the HSB, and it is possible to use it as an assessment tool.

Background: In recent years, methamphetamine use has increased noticeably in Iran, and this can have harmful consequences for the health of individuals and society. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate The Consequences of methamphetamine use in Tehran.Methods: This qualitative content analysis study was carried out by using conventional approach. Date were collected through observation and in-depth interview with 20 users of methamphetamine adult in Tehran (15 males and 5 female). Participants were selected through snowball and purposeful sampling method which continued until data saturation. Guba and Lincoln criteria were used to assess the strength of the research.Results: The extraction of the codes resulted in three main categories, including: 1. The short-term consequences, consisting of the sub-categories of individual and social consequences 2. The long-term consequences, consisting of the sub-categories of psychological, physical and behavioral consequences, severely decayed memory and changes in the eating pattern. 3. Illusions including the sub-categories of visual and auditory illusions, illusion of suspicion and illusion of having supernatural power.Conclusion: Methamphetamine use has serious adverse effects on overall health of individuals. Therefore, implementing educational programs in order to raise awareness and changing attitudes about the short and long term consequences of using methamphetamine in high risk group is highly recommended.

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‫دوره‬ ‫اﻟﺒﺮز،‬ ‫ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻮم‬ ‫داﻧﺸﮕﺎه‬ ‫ﭘﮋوﻫﺸﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻤﻲ‬ ‫ﻧﺸﺮﻳﻪ‬ 5 ‫ﺷﻤﺎره‬ ، 4 ، ‫ﭘﺎﻳ‬ ‫ﻴﺰ‬ 1395 ، ‫ﺻﻔﺤﺎت‬ 258 -249 ‫ﻛﻠﻴﺪي‬ ‫ﻛﻠﻤﺎت‬ : ‫روا‬ ‫ﻳﻲ‬ ، ‫ﭘﺎ‬ ‫ﻳ‬ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻳﻲ‬ ، ‫روان‬ ‫ﺳﻨﺠﻲ‬ ، ‫ﺷﺒﻜﻪ‬ ‫ﻫﺎي‬ ‫اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋ‬ ‫ﻲ‬ ‫ﭼﻜﻴﺪه‬ ‫ﺳﻬﺮاﺑﻲ‬ ‫زﻫﺮه‬ 1 ‫ﺻﻔﺮي‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺟﺎن‬ ، ‫ﻧﮋادﻓﺮد‬ 2 ، ‫ﻗﺮﺑــﺎﻧﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﺼــﻄﻔﻲ‬ 3 ‫ﺑﻬﺮاﻣــﻲ‬ ‫ﺗــﻮران‬ ، ‫ﺑﺎﺑﺎﺣﻴﺪري‬ 4 ‫ﺻﺎﻟﺤﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻴﻠﻲ‬ ، 5 * 1 ‫ﻋﻀﻮﻫﻴﺎت‬ ‫ﭘﺰﺷـﻜﻲ،،‬ ‫آﻣـﻮزش‬ ‫ﮔـﺮوه‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻤﻲ‬ ‫آﻣـﻮزش‬ ‫ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎت‬ ‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ‬ ‫ﭘﮋوﻫﺸﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺎون‬ ‫ﻋ‬ ‫داﻧﺸﮕﺎه‬ ‫ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ،‬ ‫اﻳـﺮان،‬ ‫ﭘﺰﺷـﻜﻲ‬ ‫ﻠـﻮم‬ ‫اﻳﺮان‬ ‫ﺗﻬﺮان،‬ 2 ‫داﻧﺶ‬ ‫داﻧﺸـﮕﺎه‬ ‫ﭘﺰﺷـﻜﻲ،‬ ‫آﻣﻮزش‬ ‫آﻣﻮﺧﺘﻪ‬ ‫اﻳﺮان‬ ‫ﺗﻬﺮان،‬ ‫اﻳﺮان،‬ ‫ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻮم‬ 3 ‫ﻫﻴﺎت‬ ‫ﻋﻀﻮ‬ ‫داﻧﺸﮕﺎه‬ ‫ﭘﺮﺳﺘﺎري،‬ ‫ﮔﺮوه‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻤﻲ‬ ‫اﻳﺮان‬ ‫ﻛﺮج،‬ ‫اﻟﺒﺮز،‬ ‫ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻮم‬ 4 ‫ﻫﻴﺎت‬ ‫ﻋﻀﻮ‬ ‫اﺟﺘﻤـﺎﻋﻲ،‬ ‫ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ‬ ‫ﮔﺮوه‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻤﻲ‬ ‫اﻳﺮان‬ ‫ﻛﺮج،‬ ‫اﻟﺒﺮز،‬ ‫ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻮم‬ ‫داﻧﺸﮕﺎه‬ 5 ‫ﺑﻬﺪاﺷﺖ‬ ‫آﻣﻮزش‬ ‫ﮔﺮوه‬ ‫ﺳﻼﻣﺖ،‬ ‫ارﺗﻘﺎء‬ ‫و‬ ‫و‬ ‫اﻳﻤﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﻬﺪاﺷﺖ،‬ ‫ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎت‬ ‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻴﻂ‬ ) HSE ( ‫ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻮم‬ ‫،داﻧﺸﮕﺎه‬ ‫اﻳﺮان‬ ‫ﻛﺮج،‬ ‫اﻟﺒﺮز،‬ * ‫ﻣﺴﺌﻮل‬ ‫ﻧﻮﻳﺴﻨﺪه‬ : ‫ﺳـﻼﻣﺖ،‬ ‫ارﺗﻘﺎء‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺑﻬﺪاﺷﺖ‬ ‫آﻣﻮزش‬ ‫ﮔﺮوه‬ ‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎت‬ ‫ﺑﻬﺪاﺷﺖ،‬ ‫اﻳﻤﻨﻲ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻴﻂ‬ ) HSE ( ‫ـﮕﺎه‬ ‫،داﻧﺸـ‬ ‫ـﻮم‬ ‫ﻋﻠـ‬ ‫ـﻜﻲ‬ ‫ﭘﺰﺷـ‬ ‫ـﺮز،‬ ‫اﻟﺒـ‬ ‫ﻛﺮج،‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻳﺮان‬ 34643255 -026 250 ‫ﻫﻤﻜﺎران‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺳﻬﺮاﺑﻲ‬ ‫زﻫﺮه‬ ‫دوره‬ ‫اﻟﺒﺮز،‬ ‫ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻮم‬ ‫داﻧﺸﮕﺎه‬ ‫ﭘﮋوﻫﺸﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻤﻲ‬ ‫ﻧﺸﺮﻳﻪ‬ 5 ‫ﺷﻤﺎره‬ ، 4 ‫ﭘﺎﻳﻴﺰ‬ ، 1395 ‫روان‬ ‫اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ‬ ‫ﻫﺎي‬ ‫ﺷﺒﻜﻪ‬ ‫ﻃﺮﻳﻖ‬ ‫از‬ ‫آﻣﻮزش‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﮕﺮش‬ ‫ﻣﻘﻴﺎس‬ ‫ﺳﻨﺠﻲ‬ ‫ﻛﺸﻮ‬ ‫ﺳﺮاﺳﺮ‬ ‫ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ‬ ‫رﺷﺘﻪ‬ ‫داﻧﺸﺠﻮﻳﺎن‬ ‫در‬ ‫ر‬ 251 ‫دوره‬ ‫اﻟﺒﺮز،‬ ‫ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻮم‬ ‫داﻧﺸﮕﺎه‬ ‫ﭘﮋوﻫﺸﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻤﻲ‬ ‫ﻧﺸﺮﻳﻪ‬ 5 ‫ﺷﻤﺎره‬ ، 4 ‫ﭘﺎﻳﻴﺰ‬ ، 1395 ‫روان‬ ‫اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ‬ ‫ﻫﺎي‬ ‫ﺷﺒﻜﻪ‬ ‫ﻃﺮﻳﻖ‬ ‫از‬ ‫آﻣﻮزش‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﮕﺮش‬ ‫ﻣﻘﻴﺎس‬ ‫ﺳﻨﺠﻲ‬ ‫ﻛﺸﻮ‬ ‫ﺳﺮاﺳﺮ‬ ‫ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ‬ ‫رﺷﺘﻪ‬ ‫داﻧﺸﺠﻮﻳﺎن‬ ‫در‬ ‫ر‬ 255 ‫دوره‬ ‫اﻟﺒﺮز،‬ ‫ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻮم‬ ‫داﻧﺸﮕﺎه‬ ‫ﭘﮋوﻫﺸﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻤﻲ‬ ‫ﻧﺸﺮﻳﻪ‬ 5 ‫ﺷﻤﺎره‬ ، 4 ‫ﭘﺎﻳﻴﺰ‬ ، 1395 ‫روان‬ ‫اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ‬ ‫ﻫﺎي‬ ‫ﺷﺒﻜﻪ‬ ‫ﻃﺮﻳﻖ‬ ‫از‬ ‫آﻣﻮزش‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﮕﺮش‬ ‫ﻣﻘﻴﺎس‬ ‫ﺳﻨﺠﻲ‬ ‫ﻛﺸﻮ‬ ‫ﺳﺮاﺳﺮ‬ ‫ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ‬ ‫رﺷﺘﻪ‬ ‫داﻧﺸﺠﻮﻳﺎن‬ ‫در‬ ‫ر‬ 257 ‫دوره‬ ‫اﻟﺒﺮز،‬ ‫ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻮم‬ ‫داﻧﺸﮕﺎه‬ ‫ﭘﮋوﻫﺸﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻤﻲ‬ ‫ﻧﺸﺮﻳﻪ‬ 5 ‫ﺷﻤﺎره‬ ، 4 ‫ﭘﺎﻳﻴﺰ‬ ، 1395