The role of apoptosis in autoantibody production

Abstract

In normal conditions, the intracellular autoantigens reach the cell surface by apoptosis and are normally cleared by phagocytes without inflammation, nevertheless the lack of depuration of apoptotic material foster the autoantibody production in individuals genetically predisposed, equally defects in signaling, execution and malfunction of the apoptotic pathways may induce autoimmunity, in consequence apoptosis is another way of understanding the autoimmunity (1)..

Structural polymorphism of the mannose‐binding lectin 2 (MBL2 ) gene in HCV‐infected patients with a serological marker for thyroid autoimmunity

“…Mannose-binding lectin is involved in the uptake of cell debris and apoptotic cells that could, if they continue to be present, activate auto-reactive cell clones and result in autoimmune diseases (Herrera-Esparza et al, 2007). Polymorphisms in the exon 1 of the MBL gene (MBL2) are responsible for diminished serum levels of MBL and predispose to the development of systemic lupus erythematosus (Garred et al, 2001), Sjö gren's syndrome (Wang et al, 2001), celiac disease (Boniotto et al, 2005) and dermatomyositis (Werth et al, 2002).…”

“…Mannose‐binding lectin is involved in the uptake of cell debris and apoptotic cells that could, if they continue to be present, activate auto‐reactive cell clones and result in autoimmune diseases (Herrera‐Esparza et al. , 2007).…”

IRE1α Implications in Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-Mediated Development and Pathogenesis of Autoimmune Diseases

“…In addition, IFN-α, IFN-β, or TNFα stimulation in HLA-B27 overexpressing transgenic rats enhanced the BiP and spliced XBP1 compared to wild-type rats ( 201 , 204 ). Furthermore, in severe UPR, IRE1α-mediated cell apoptosis would also contribute in the autoimmune response, as apoptotic cells that contain self-antigens known to act as neoantigens induce autoantibody production ( 205 , 206 ).…”

Apoptosis-induced translocation of centromere protein F in its corresponding autoantibody production in hepatocellular carcinoma

“…Apoptotic cells have been proposed as a possible source of autoantigens. 18 During apoptosis, the cell membrane forms cytoplasmic vesicles, some of which are shed as apoptotic bodies or blebs. Casciola-Rosen et al have shown that UV-induced apoptosis of keratinocytes leads to redistribution of several autoantigens to apoptotic blebs.…”