The Role of Antioxidants in the Interplay between Oxidative Stress and Senescence

Varesi, Angelica; Chirumbolo, Salvatore; Campagnoli, Lucrezia Irene Maria; Pierella, Elisa; Piccini, Gaia Bavestrello; Carrara, Adelaide; Ricevuti, Giovanni; Scassellati, Catia; Bonvicini, Cristian; Pascale, Alessia

doi:10.3390/antiox11071224

Cited by 59 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 478 publications

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“…Future improvements in antioxidant therapy might include counteracting the CS-mediated stimulation of various oxidant-forming enzymes including xanthine oxidase and NOX, which are found within the lung epithelium. Moreover, these enzymes can play significant roles in OS, which is mediated by exposure to CS [ 325 , 326 , 327 , 328 ].…”

Section: Strategies To Improve Pulmonary Bioavailability Of Antioxidantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Therapeutic Potential of Small Molecules Targeting Oxidative Stress in the Treatment of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD): A Comprehensive Review

Dailah

2022

Molecules

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Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is an increasing and major global health problem. COPD is also the third leading cause of death worldwide. Oxidative stress (OS) takes place when various reactive species and free radicals swamp the availability of antioxidants. Reactive nitrogen species, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and their counterpart antioxidants are important for host defense and physiological signaling pathways, and the development and progression of inflammation. During the disturbance of their normal steady states, imbalances between antioxidants and oxidants might induce pathological mechanisms that can further result in many non-respiratory and respiratory diseases including COPD. ROS might be either endogenously produced in response to various infectious pathogens including fungi, viruses, or bacteria, or exogenously generated from several inhaled particulate or gaseous agents including some occupational dust, cigarette smoke (CS), and air pollutants. Therefore, targeting systemic and local OS with therapeutic agents such as small molecules that can increase endogenous antioxidants or regulate the redox/antioxidants system can be an effective approach in treating COPD. Various thiol-based antioxidants including fudosteine, erdosteine, carbocysteine, and N-acetyl-L-cysteine have the capacity to increase thiol content in the lungs. Many synthetic molecules including inhibitors/blockers of protein carbonylation and lipid peroxidation, catalytic antioxidants including superoxide dismutase mimetics, and spin trapping agents can effectively modulate CS-induced OS and its resulting cellular alterations. Several clinical and pre-clinical studies have demonstrated that these antioxidants have the capacity to decrease OS and affect the expressions of several pro-inflammatory genes and genes that are involved with redox and glutathione biosynthesis. In this article, we have summarized the role of OS in COPD pathogenesis. Furthermore, we have particularly focused on the therapeutic potential of numerous chemicals, particularly antioxidants in the treatment of COPD.

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Section: Strategies To Improve Pulmonary Bioavailability Of Antioxidantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Therapeutic Potential of Small Molecules Targeting Oxidative Stress in the Treatment of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD): A Comprehensive Review

Dailah

2022

Molecules

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“…Considering that increased OS contributes to skin senescence [ 3 , 43 ], it is expected that skin anti-ageing products containing antioxidants would reduce the harmful effects of free radicals and minimize the consequences of skin aging. However, limitations exist for most conventional antioxidants [ 21 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Targeting Hydroxybenzoic Acids to Mitochondria as a Strategy to Delay Skin Ageing: An In Vitro Approach

et al. 2022

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Targeting antioxidants to mitochondria is considered a promising strategy to prevent cellular senescence and skin ageing. In this study, we investigate whether four hydroxybenzoic acid-based mitochondria-targeted antioxidants (MitoBENs, MB1-4) could be used as potential active ingredients to prevent senescence in skin cells. Firstly, we evaluated the chemical stability, cytotoxicity, genotoxicity and mitochondrial toxicity of all compounds. We followed this by testing the antioxidant protective capacity of the two less toxic compounds on human skin fibroblasts. We then assessed the effects of the best hit on senescence, inflammation and mitochondrial remodeling on a 3D skin cell model, while also testing its mutagenic potential. Cytotoxicity and mitochondrial toxicity rankings were produced: MB3 < MB4 ≃ MB1 < MB2 and MB3 < MB1 < MB4 < MB2, respectively. These results suggest that pyrogallol-based compounds (MB2 and MB4) have lower cytotoxicity. The pyrogallol derivative, MB2, containing a 6-carbon spacer, showed a more potent antioxidant protective activity against hydrogen peroxide cytotoxicity. In a 3D skin cell model, MB2 also decreased transcripts related to senescence. In sum, MB2’s biological safety profile, good chemical stability and lack of mutagenicity, combined with its anti-senescence effect, converts MB2 into a good candidate for further development as an active ingredient for skin anti-ageing products.

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“…Antioxidants, such as vitamin C (ascorbic acid), glutathione, beta carotene, vitamin E, CoQ10, flavonoids, and lipoic acid, are able to neutralize hydrogen peroxide residue and the oxygen-rich molecule [20][21][22][23][24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Potential of Trigona spp. Propolis as an Antioxidant Agent to Reduce Residual Peroxide after Intra-Coronal Bleaching Treatments

et al. 2022

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The present study aimed to determine the effectiveness of Trigona spp. propolis as an antioxidant to reduce residual peroxide after intra-coronal bleaching treatments. Thirty-five maxillary central incisors were divided into seven groups: five samples without antioxidants; sodium ascorbate 10% combined with Tween 80 0.2%; and Trigona spp. propolis 10%. The lengths of the application time were 1 h, 24 h, and 48 h. Each application time consisted of five samples. Root resection followed by artificial discoloration was performed in the samples. Then, intra-coronal bleaching using 35% hydrogen peroxide was applied. After the tooth color changed, the bleaching material was cleared, and this was followed by the applications of sodium ascorbate 10% combined with Tween 80 0.2% and Trigona spp. propolis 10%. The peroxide residue was measured by assessing dissolved oxygen using a titration analysis with either the Winkler or iodometric method. Data were analyzed using the ANOVA test and Tukey’s HSD test. The lowest peroxide residue amount was found with the application of antioxidants for 48 h after the intra-coronal bleaching treatment using 35% hydrogen peroxide. However, there was no significant difference between sodium ascorbate 10% combined with Tween 80 0.2% and Trigona spp. propolis 10% to reduce peroxide residues after the intra-coronal bleaching treatment (p > 0.05). Therefore, these findings indicate that Trigona spp. propolis 10% effectively reduces peroxide residues after intra-coronal bleaching treatments, which can interfere with the bond of the composite to the tooth surface and shorten the wait time for composite restorations after bleaching treatments.

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The Role of Antioxidants in the Interplay between Oxidative Stress and Senescence

Cited by 59 publications

References 478 publications

Therapeutic Potential of Small Molecules Targeting Oxidative Stress in the Treatment of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD): A Comprehensive Review

Therapeutic Potential of Small Molecules Targeting Oxidative Stress in the Treatment of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD): A Comprehensive Review

Targeting Hydroxybenzoic Acids to Mitochondria as a Strategy to Delay Skin Ageing: An In Vitro Approach

The Potential of Trigona spp. Propolis as an Antioxidant Agent to Reduce Residual Peroxide after Intra-Coronal Bleaching Treatments

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